Prevalence of Trachoma after Implementation of Trachoma Elimination Interventions in Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia: Results of Impact Surveys in 131 Evaluation Units Covering 139 Districts

Figures & data

Table 1. Protocol employed, population enumerated and participants examined in trachoma impact surveys, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, February 2017− March 2020. Individual evaluation unit (EU)-level data are shown in Supplementary Table 1.

Zone	EUs surveyed	Survey protocol		Participants enumerated (≥1 years) per EU			Participants examined (≥1 years) per EU
		Pre-GSM4^a	Post-GSM4^b	Minimum	Median	Maximum	Minimum	Median	Maximum
Arsi	25	0	25	2,681	2,994	3,229	2,626	2,856	3,065
Borena	11	11	0	2,539	2,810	3,147	2,459	2,701	3,013
Buno Bedele	6	6	0	3,281	3435	3,538	2,997	3,172	3,270
East Harerge	3	3	0	3,119	3,130	3,475	2,894	2,943	3,282
East Shewa	4	3	1	2,835	3,092	3,453	2,707	2,875	3,152
East Welega	10	10	0	3,334	3,429	3,632	3,106	3,218	3,443
Finfine Zuriya	1	1	0	3,334	3,334	3,334	3,006	3,006	3,006
Guji	5	5	0	3,108	3,229	3,272	3,027	3,153	3,187
Illu Aba bora	9	9	0	3,222	3,339	3,818	2,990	3,108	3,551
Jimma	9	3	6	2,931	3,034	3,709	2,694	2,960	3,458
Kelem Welega	3	3	0	3,296	3,364	3,390	3,121	3,159	3,223
North Shoa	9	9	0	3,110	3,385	3,650	2,941	3,081	3,280
South West Shewa	11	0	11	2,943	3,043	3,268	2,780	2,909	3,342
West Shewa	12	12	0	3,248	3,539	3,666	2,990	3,334	3,473
West Arsi	10	2	8	2,871	3,278	3,559	2,679	3,084	3,330
West Welega	3	3	0	3,074	3,229	3,381	2,957	3,092	3,234
Total	131	80	51	2,681	3,222	3,818	2,459	3,006	3,551

^aPre-4^th Global Scientific Meeting on Trachoma (GSM4): Tropical Data survey version 2; ^bPost-GSM4: Tropical Data survey version 3.

Table 2. Age-adjusted prevalence of trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF) in 1–9-year-olds at trachoma impact surveys in Oromia Region, Ethiopia, February 2017− March 2020. Individual evaluation unit (EU)-level data are shown in Supplementary Table 2.

Zone	1–9-year-olds examined per EU			Number of EUs with age-adjusted prevalence of TF in 1–9-year-olds in each category
	Minimum	Median	Maximum	<5%	5.0–9.9%	10.0–29.9%	≥30%
Arsi	799	1,013	1,248	16	5	4	0
Borena	1,088	1,186	1,338	6	4	1	0
Buno Bedele	991	1,077	1,292	4	2	0	0
East Harerge	1,123	1,193	1,215	1	0	2	0
East Shewa	885	1,042	1,160	3	1	0	0
East Wellega	873	1,113	1,274	9	1	0	0
Finfine Zuriya	888	888	888	0	0	1	0
Guji	1,375	1,430	1,475	1	3	1	0
Illu Aba bora	679	977	1,072	9	0	0	0
Jimma	944	1,061	1,178	5	4	0	0
Kelm Wellega	877	898	922	3	0	0	0
North Shoa	865	1,092	1,155	0	6	2	1
South West Shewa	911	995	1,124	0	9	2	0
West Shewa	888	1,200	1,298	11	1	0	0
West Arsi	1,087	1,255	1,394	2	2	6	0
West Wellega	842	850	1,149	3	0	0	0
Total	679	1,088	1,475	73	38	19	1

Table 3. Age-and gender-adjusted prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) unknown to the health system in people aged ≥15 years in Oromia Region, Ethiopia, February 2017− March 2020.

Zone	People aged ≥15 years examined per EU			# of EUs with prevalence of TT (pre-GSM4 definition; upper or lower eyelid) trichiasis) unknown to the health system in ≥15-year-olds in each category			# of EUs with prevalence of TT (post-GSM4 definition; upper eyelid trichiasis only) unknown to the health system in ≥15-year-olds in each category
	Minimum	Median	Maximum	<0.2	0.2 − 0.99	≥1.0	<0.2	0.2 − 0.99	≥1.0
Arsi	1,341	1,500	1,691	0	0	0	9	14	2
Borena	1,085	1,347	1,390	2	9	0	0	0	0
Buno Bedele	1,568	1,642	1,733	0	6	0	0	0	0
East Harerge	1,400	1,454	1,652	0	3	0	0	0	0
East Shewa	1,369	1,479	1,975	0	3	0	0	1	0
East Wellega	1,624	1,753	1,816	0	8	2	0	0	0
Finfine Zuriya	1,691	1,691	1,691	0	1	0	0	0	0
Guji	1,316	1,373	1,462	4	1	0	0	0	0
Illu Aba bora	1,657	1,786	2,152	6	3	0	0	0	0
Jimma	1,414	1,516	1,913	2	1	0	0	4	2
Kelm Wellega	1,794	1,800	1,858	1	2	0	0	0	0
North Shoa	1,516	1,657	1,734	0	7	2	0	0	0
South W/Shewa	1,398	1,514	1,630	0	0	0	1	7	3
West Shewa	1,603	1,674	1,879	4	8	0	0	0	0
West Arsi	1,341	1,393	1,572	0	1	1	6	2	0
West Wellega	1,745	1,917	1,997	2	1	0	0	0	0
Total	1,085	1,568	2,152	21	54	5	16	28	7

EU: evaluation unit; Pre-4^th Global Scientific Meeting on Trachoma (GSM4): Tropical Data survey version 2; post-GSM4: Tropical Data survey version 3.

Table 4. Zone-level summaries of proportion of households surveyed with access to improved drinking water facilities and latrines in 131 trachoma impact surveys in Oromia Region, Ethiopia, February 2017− March 2020. Individual evaluation unit (EU)-level data are shown in Supplementary Table 5.

Zone	Per-EU proportion of households with an improved drinking water source (%)			Per-EU proportion of households with an improved drinking water source within a 30-minute return journey of the household (%)			Per-EU proportion of households with an improved latrine (%)
	Minimum	Median	Maximum	Minimum	Median	Maximum	Minimum	Median	Maximum
Arsi	28	63	86	24	37	56	0	4	15
Borena	24	66	84	16	24	42	3	9	21
Buno Bedele	62	74	85	52	62	80	0	0	1
East Harerge	44	48	72	34	38	57	0	2	9
East Shewa	28	66	83	26	36	56	2	3	5
East Wellega	52	70	85	47	59	79	2	5	7
Finfine Zuriya	68	68	68	46	46	46	0	0	0
Guji	34	57	76	43	53	63	1	2	5
Illu Aba bora	62	82	100	56	72	76	0	0	2
Jimma	54	73	86	28	36	71	1	3	10
Kelm Wellega	89	91	98	66	79	81	4	7	7
North Shoa	45	72	96	34	50	64	0	2	6
South West Shewa	42	70	95	19	52	74	0	1	4
West Shewa	25	51	84	33	54	71	1	3	13
West Arsi	43	48	96	11	29	60	0	1	7
West Wellega	85	90	95	81	86	87	2	5	6
Total	24	67	100	11	50	87	0	2	21

Figure 1. Prevalence of trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF) among 1–9-year-old children at baseline surveys (2010) and at impact surveys (2017–2020), Oromia Region, Ethiopia.

Each point represents a survey in an individual evaluation unit (EU). EUs from neighbouring zones have been grouped together in panels for visualisation purposes. (a) Borena, East Harerge and Guji; (b) Buno Bedele, Illu Aba Bora, Kelm Wellega and West Wellega; (c) East Wellega and Jimma; (d) Arsi; (e) South West Shewa; (f) West Wellega; (g) West Arsi; (h) East Shewa, Finfine Zuriya and North Shoa. The EUs for pre-mass drug administration (MDA) surveys were formed of several districts (parent EUs), whereas the EUs for post-MDA surveys were mostly formed of single districts (offspring EU); therefore, there are multiple offspring EUs for each parent EU. We caution that the pre-MDA TF prevalence within any parent EU was unlikely to have been sufficiently homogeneous to allow interpolation of pre-MDA TF prevalences for the areas that subsequently became defined as offspring EUs.