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Articles

Graininess characterization by multidimensional scaling

, , , &
Pages 929-938 | Received 07 Nov 2018, Accepted 23 Feb 2019, Published online: 19 Mar 2019

Figures & data

Figure 1. Setup of the visual experiment.

Figure 1. Setup of the visual experiment.

Figure 2. The set of samples (Effect Navigator chart) used in the visual experiment. From top to bottom: L1 (lighter) to L5 (darker). From left to right: increasing flake size.

Figure 2. The set of samples (Effect Navigator chart) used in the visual experiment. From top to bottom: L1 (lighter) to L5 (darker). From left to right: increasing flake size.

Figure 3. The graininess value measured by the BYK-mac-i instrument for the set of samples used in this experiment.

Figure 3. The graininess value measured by the BYK-mac-i instrument for the set of samples used in this experiment.

Figure 4. Box plot for each pair for two lightness profiles. Left: light samples (L1); right: dark samples (L5).

Figure 4. Box plot for each pair for two lightness profiles. Left: light samples (L1); right: dark samples (L5).

Figure 5. Data dispersion in statistical dimensions for the graininess attribute evaluated by a visual experiment.

Figure 5. Data dispersion in statistical dimensions for the graininess attribute evaluated by a visual experiment.

Figure 6. Comparison between the visual differences (dissimilarities) and disparities calculated with the MDS analysis. Left: light samples (L* = 60); right: dark samples (L* = 15).

Figure 6. Comparison between the visual differences (dissimilarities) and disparities calculated with the MDS analysis. Left: light samples (L* = 60); right: dark samples (L* = 15).

Figure 7. MDS-Dimension vs. Stress according to the lightness value.

Figure 7. MDS-Dimension vs. Stress according to the lightness value.

Figure 8. Relationship between the statistical dimensions and the graininess parameter calculated by the BYK-mac-i multi-angle spectrophotometer. (a) Dimension 1 vs. GBYK-mac. (b) Dimension 2 vs. GBYK-mac.

Figure 8. Relationship between the statistical dimensions and the graininess parameter calculated by the BYK-mac-i multi-angle spectrophotometer. (a) Dimension 1 vs. GBYK-mac. (b) Dimension 2 vs. GBYK-mac.

Figure 9. Relationship between statistical dimension 2 and lightness value L* for the 45°as45° measurement geometry.

Figure 9. Relationship between statistical dimension 2 and lightness value L* for the 45°as45° measurement geometry.

Figure 10. Relationship between statistical lightness value L* for the 45° as 45° measurement geometry and the slope computed for G vs. Dim. 1.

Figure 10. Relationship between statistical lightness value L* for the 45° as 45° measurement geometry and the slope computed for G vs. Dim. 1.

Figure 11. The relationship between the first dimension and the correlation parameter calculated by the gonio-hyperspectral system.

Figure 11. The relationship between the first dimension and the correlation parameter calculated by the gonio-hyperspectral system.