A method for designing filament-wound composite frame structures using a data-driven evolutionary optimisation algorithm EvoDN2

Figures & data

Table 1. Analysed geometries.

Geometry A	Tubes (Roman numerals) defined by node (Arabic numerals) coordinates in mm: I – 1–6; II – 6–3; III – 2–7; IV – 7–3; V – 3–5; VI – 5–4; VII – 6–5; VIII – 7–5	6 beams of 3 stacking sequence (types of tubes) – green (tube 1), blue (tube 2), pink (tube 3) Applied forces Fy 100N and Fz 33.5N on the node 4 Boundary conditions: node 1–1,1,1,1,1,1 node 2–1,1,1,1,1,1
Geometry B	Tubes (Roman numerals) defined by node (Arabic numerals) coordinates in mm: I – 1–3; II – 2–3; III – 3–4	3 beams of 2 stacking sequence (types of tubes) – green (tube 1), blue (tube 2) Applied forces Fy 100N and Fz 33.5N on the node 4 Boundary conditions: node 1–1,1,1,1,1,1 node 2–1,1,1,1,1,1
Geometry C	Tubes (Roman numerals) defined by node (Arabic numerals) coordinates in mm: I – 1–2; II – 2–3	2 beams of 2 stacking sequence (types of tubes) – green (tube 1), blue (tube 2) Applied forces Fy 100 N and Fz 50 N on the node 4 Boundary conditions: node 1–1,1,1,1,1,1

Table 2. Geometry A – settings of training parameters.

	S [−]	SN [−]	time [h]	F1 [−]	F2 [−]	F3 [−]
01	4	8	0.25	0.96329	0.81488	0.99965
02	4	20	1.2	0.99644	0.92155	0.99999
03	6	20	2.75	0.99872	0.95781	1
04	6	8	1.2	0.99636	0.91159	1
05	8	20	4	0.99947	0.96378	1
06	8	30	26.5	0.99956	0.97594	1
07	10	20	26.5	0.99983	0.96993	1
08	10	30	31	0.99992	0.98247	1
09	10	8	12.5	0.99867	0.93494	1
10	10	40	37.5	0.99995	0.98697	1

Figure 1. Geometry A – Displacement (top left), strength coefficient (top right), and volume (centre bottom) evaluation during optimisation (F1, F2, F3).

Figure 2. Geometry A – The thicknesses change during the optimisation process.

Figure 3. Geometry A – Final optimised geometry (left) and Geometry B – representation of the original geometry (right).

Table 3. Geometry A – Optimised structure parameters.

Selected member parameters (3 LAYs)			α – tube 1[rad]	t – tube 1 [mm]	α – tube 2 [rad]	t – tube 2 [mm]	α – tube 3 [rad]	t – tube 3 [mm]
		LAYER 1	0.00	1.80	0.00	1.27	0.00	0.33
		LAYER 2	0.00	1.80	0.00	1.40	1.47	0.13
		LAYER 3	0.00	1.19	0.00	2.22	0.00	0.20
TOTAL THICKNESS				4.79		4.89		0.67
F1 [mm]	10.02
F2 [−]	0.029
F3 [mm^3]	1266042

Figure 4. Geometry B – Displacement (top left), strength coefficient (top right), and volume (centre bottom) evaluation during optimisation (F1, F2, F3).

Figure 5. Geometry B –Thicknesses change during the optimisation process.

Table 4. Geometry B – Optimised structure parameters.

Selected member parameters (5 LAYs)			α – tube 1 [rad]	t – tube 1 [mm]	α – tube 2 [rad]	t – tube 2 [mm]
		LAYER 1			1.05	0.40
		LAYER 2			0.00	0.64
		LAYER 3			0.94	0.64
		LAYER 4			1.02	0.66
		LAYER 5			0.79	0.55
TOTAL THICKNESS				0		2.90
F1 [mm]	0.0020
F2 [−]	0.00079
F3 [mm^3]	68184

Figure 6. Geometry C – Displacement (top left), strength coefficient (top right), and volume (centre bottom) evaluation during optimisation (F1, F2, F3).

Table 5. Geometry C – Optimised structure parameters.

Selected member parameters (2 LAYs)			α – tube 1 [rad]	t – tube 1 [mm]	α – tube 2 [rad]	t – tube 2 [mm]
		LAYER 1	0.20	13.00	0.00	4.00
		LAYER 2	0.82	13.38	0.87	0.05
TOTAL THICKNESS				26.38		4.05
F1 [mm]	1.00
F2 [−]	0.011
F3 [mm3]	7567675