Study on the predictive value of serum hypersensitive C-reactive protein, homocysteine, fibrinogen, and omentin-1 levels with gestational diabetes mellitus

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic characteristics of the patients and controls groups.

Variables	Healthy (n = 150)	Gestational diabetes mellitus (n = 150)	t-value	p-value
Age (years)	29.63 ± 3.85	30.42 ± 4.82	−1.567	0.118
Gestational week	25.68 ± 1.48	25.89 ± 1.20	−1.345	0.18
Body mass index (kg/m^2)	21.49 ± 4.03	23.68 ± 3.11	−5.266	<0.001
Hypersensitive C-reactive protein (mg/L)	1.56 ± 0.51	3.21 ± 1.31	−14.327	<0.001
Homocysteine (μmol/L)	10.31 ± 3.72	18.50 ± 9.24	−10.068	<0.001
Fibrinogen (g/L)	2.57 ± 0.07	4.01 ± 1.20	−14.623	<0.001
Omentin-1 (ng/ml)	338.70 ± 49.26	289.20 ± 20.22	11.384	<0.001
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	5.52 ± 1.30	6.23 ± 0.71	−5.851	<0.001
Triglyceride (mmol/L)	1.39 ± 0.41	2.46 ± 0.32	−25.113	<0.001
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L)	3.81 ± 0.20	1.12 ± 0.23	107.730	<0.001
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L)	2.65 ± 0.21	3.91 ± 0.76	−19.506	<0.001
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test 0h (mmol/L)	3.69 ± 0.38	4.78 ± 0.78	−15.335	<0.001
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test 1h (mmol/L)	6.18 ± 1.61	9.65 ± 1.32	−20.345	<0.001
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test 2h (mmol/L)	5.72 ± 0.61	8.91 ± 0.91	−35.543	<0.001

Table 2. Correlation between hypersensitive C-reactive protein, homocysteine, fibrinogen, omentin-1 and body mass index, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, oral glucose tolerance test 0–2h.

	Hypersensitive C-reactive protein		Homocysteine		Fibrinogen		Omentin-1
	rho	p	rho	p	rho	p	rho	p
Body mass index (kg/m^2)	0.220	<0.001	0.139	0.016	0.067	0.25	−0.154	0.008
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	0.238	<0.001	0.097	<0.001	0.236	<0.001	−0.218	0.238
Triglyceride (mmol/L)	0.506	<0.001	0.460	<0.001	0.534	<0.001	−0.436	<0.001
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L)	−0.629	<0.001	−0.507	<0.001	−0.638	<0.001	0.550	<0.001
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L)	0.497	<0.001	0.402	<0.001	0.573	<0.001	−0.430	<0.001
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test 0h (mmol/L)	0.429	<0.001	0.324	<0.001	0.358	<0.001	−0.343	<0.001
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test 1h (mmol/L)	0.502	<0.001	0.382	<0.001	0.459	<0.001	−0.446	<0.001
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test 2h (mmol/L)	0.592	<0.001	0.497	<0.001	0.595	<0.001	−0.545	<0.001

Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of influencing factors in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Factors	Β	S.E.	Wald	p	Exp (β)	95% CI for EXP(β)
						Lower	Upper
Hypersensitive C-reactive protein	2.02	0.388	27.081	0	7.54	3.523	16.136
Homocysteine	0.216	0.051	17.998	0	1.241	1.123	1.372
Fibrinogen	2.147	0.419	26.316	0	8.562	3.769	19.448
Omentin-1	−0.032	0.007	20.28	0	0.968	0.955	0.982

β: Constant term; SE: Standard deviation; Wald: χ2 value; sig: p value, Exp (β): Odds ratio; 95% CI for Exp (β): Odds ratio: 95% confidence interval.

Figure 1. Diagnostic efficacy analysis of pregnancy-associated hypersensitive C-reactive protein, homocysteine, fibrinogen, omentin-1 and combined detection for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that the sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) of hs-CRP level in the diagnosis of GDM were 77.30%, 94.70%, and 0.89, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of homocysteine level in diagnosing GDM were 62.70%, 94.10%, the AUC was 0.78. The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of fibrinogen in diagnosing GDM were 64.71%, 70.59%, and 0.721, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of omentin-1 level in diagnosing GDM were 99.30% and 96.70%, the AUC was 0.836. When the threshold was 0.54, the AUC of the combined detection was 0.977. The combined detection’s sensitivity and specificity were 92.10% and 98.70%, respectively.