Plasma visfatin and apelin levels in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome

Figures & data

Table 1. Characteristics of studied patients: PCOS and controls.

Variable	PCOS-group (n = 44)	Control-group (n = 44)	Statistics	p-value
Age (years)	17.5 (16-19)	16 (14-19)	−1.527^▲	0.127
Body mass index (kg/m^2)	22.08 (19.96-27.66)	20.71 (18.65-23.69)	−3.042^▲	0.002*
Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L)	4.69 ± 0.38	4.68 ± 0.32	0.214^#	0.831
Fasting insulin (mIU/L)	10.84 (6.82-18.06)	10.23 (8.07-13.45)	−1.189^▲	0.234
HOMA-IR index	2.32 (1.48-3.80)	2.13 (1.74-2.74)	−1.189^▲	0.234
Insulin resistance	15 [34.1]	6 [13.6]	5.066^■	0.024*
Apo-A1 (g/L)	1.38 (1.31-1.58)	1.43 (1.31-1.56)	−0.269^▲	0.767
Apo-B (g/L)	0.75 (0.67-0.88)	0.69 (0.61-0.90)	1.215^▲	0.225
Cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.20 ± 0.72	4.22 ± 0.77	−0.086^#	0.932
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.07 (0.75-1.42)	0.87 (0.64-1.25)	−1.544^▲	0.123
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.21 (1.10-1.50)	1.32 (1.16-1.46)	−1.181^▲	0.237
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.40 (1.87-3.86)	2.17 (1.96-2.66)	−0.449^▲	0.654
Visfatin (ng/mL)	7.45 (6.75-8.83)	8.45 (6.89-10.11)	−1.642^▲	0.180
Apelin (ng/mL)	3.08 (188-3.86)	3.79 (2.37-4.91)	−1.944^▲	0.052
Total testosterone (pg/mL)	430.84 (318.57-554.40)	257.61 (175.29-317.77)	−5.515	0.000
Free testosterone (pg/mL)	6.31 (3.48-9.34)	3.56 (2.09-5.53)	−3.548	0.000

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviations, median (p25-p75) or frequency n [%]; Abbreviations: HOMA-IR = homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance; Apo-A1= Apolipoprotein A1; Apo-B = Apolipoprotein B; HDL-C = High density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C = Low density lipoprotein cholesterol.

^▲ represents Mann-Whitney U test; ^# represents t test; ^■represents Chi-square test.

* p < 0.05.

Figure 1. Comparison of visfatin (A) and apelin (B) levels between IR and non-IR PCOS patients. Visfatin predicts ROC curve of IR in adolescent PCOS patients (C). *p < 0.05.

Table 2. Relationship between visfatin and apelin levels and indices of glucose and lipid metabolism.

Variable	PCOS-group (n = 44)		Control-group (n = 44)
	Statistics	p-value	Statistics	p-value
Visfatin
Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L)	−0.126	0.395	−0.239	0.133
Fasting insulin (mIU/L)	−0.243	0.097	0.053	0.741
HOMA-IR index	−0.285	0.049*	0.048	0.767
Apo-A1 (g/L)	0.203	0.166	0.031	0.850
Apo-B (g/L)	−0.342	0.017*	−0.257	0.104
Cholesterol (mmol/L)	−0.333	0.021*	−0.192	0.230
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	−0.156	0.291	−0.242	0.127
HDL-C (mmol/L)	0.301	0.038*	0.165	0.304
LDL-C (mmol/L)	−0.447	0.001*	−0.134	0.403
Cholesterol/HDL-C ratio	−0.445	0.002*	−0.252	0.112
Triglyceride/HDL-C ratio	−0.239	0.101	−0.250	0.114
Apelin
Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L)	0.062	0.677	0.039	0.809
Fasting insulin (mIU/L)	−0.023	0.878	0.187	0.249
HOMA-IR index	−0.015	0.920	0.182	0.262
Apo-A1 (g/L)	0.071	0.635	0.231	0.152
Apo-B (g/L)	−0.081	0.590	0.066	0.687
Cholesterol (mmol/L)	0.074	0.622	0.188	0.245
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	−0.088	0.556	−0.059	0.719
HDL-C (mmol/L)	0.127	0.395	0.357	0.024*
LDL-C (mmol/L)	−0.002	0.987	0.173	0.286
Cholesterol/HDL-C ratio	−0.140	0.355	−0.166	0.306
Triglyceride/HDL-C ratio	−0.052	0.733	−0.126	0.440

Abbreviations: HOMA-IR = homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance; Apo-A1= Apolipoprotein A1; Apo-B = Apolipoprotein B; HDL-C = High density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C = Low density lipoprotein cholesterol.

* p < 0.05.