The impact of androgen levels on serum metabolic profiles in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Figures & data

Table 1. Comparison of general clinical data and biochemical indicators between the PCOS group and the control group.

	PCOS (n = 216)	Control (n = 216)	t	p
Age (years)	25.70 ± 4.92	26.07 ± 4.50	−0.816	0.415
BMI(Kg/m^2)	24.63 ± 5.34	20.96 ± 1.98	9.471	0.000**
WHR	0.84 ± 0.05	0.77 ± 0.04	14.210	0.000**
mF-G(points)	6.69 ± 5.17	3.05 ± 2.80	9.104	0.000**
Acne (points)	1.18 ± 0.99	0.58 ± 0.76	7.090	0.000**
T(ng/mL)	1.05 ± 0.58	0.51 ± 0.24	12.672	0.000**
LH(mIU/mL)	13.00 ± 5.51	5.97 ± 1.45	18.147	0.000**
FSH(mIU/mL)	6.23 ± 1.74	6.31 ± 1.26	−0.520	0.604
LH/FSH	2.14 ± 0.92	0.96 ± 0.22	18.356	0.000**
E2(pg/mL)	44.48 ± 13.90	46.26 ± 17.17	−1.184	0.237
PRL(ng/mL)	13.96 ± 6.55	12.94 ± 6.52	1.620	0.106
P(ng/mL)	0.56 ± 0.26	0.66 ± 0.46	−2.936	0.004**
FPG(mmol/L)	5.00 ± 0.58	4.82 ± 0.46	3.625	0.000**
BUN(mmol/L)	4.61 ± 1.28	4.63 ± 1.28	−0.177	0.859
Cr(umol/L)	57.93 ± 7.62	54.71 ± 8.30	4.197	0.000**
UA(umol/L)	378.75 ± 90.39	307.19 ± 59.57	9.714	0.000**
TG(mmol/L)	1.54 ± 1.15	1.00 ± 0.37	6.530	0.000**
TC(mmol/L)	4.58 ± 0.86	4.42 ± 0.64	2.281	0.023*
HDL-C(mmol/L)	1.29 ± 0.30	1.30 ± 0.20	−0.088	0.930
LDL-C(mmol/L)	2.78 ± 0.75	2.56 ± 0.53	3.500	0.001**

ps: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.

Table 2. Comparison of the occurrence of hyperandrogenism and physical signs between the PCOS group and the control group.

	PCOS(n = 216)	Control(n = 216)	X2	p
Hyperandrogenism			72.202	0.000**
Yes	133(61.6%)	46(21.3%)
No	83(38.4%)	170(78.7%)
KaohsiungPhysical Signs			47.457	0.000**
Yes	193(89.4%)	131(60.6%)
No	23(10.6%)	85(39.4%)
Hirsutism			44.893	0.000**
Yes	128(59.3%)	59(27.3%)
No	88(40.7%)	157(72.7%)
Acne			43.451	0.000**
Yes	164(75.9%)	97(44.9%)
No	52(24.1%)	119(55.1%)
Androgenic alopecia			1.531	0.216
Yes	11(5.1%)	6(2.8%)
No	205(94.9%)	210(97.2%)
Echinosis nigra			6.063	0.014*
Yes	28(13.0%)	13(6.0%)
No	188(87.0%)	203(94.0%)

ps: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.

Table 3. Comparison of general clinical data and sex hormone indicators between the PCOS hyperandrogenism group and the non hyperandrogenism group, as well as the hyperandrogenicity sign group and the non hyperandrogenicity sign group.

	Hyperandrogenism (n = 133)	No Hyperandrogenism (n = 83)	p	Kaohsiung Physical Signs (n = 193)	No Kaohsiung Physical Signs (n = 23)	p
Age(years)	25.53 ± 4.82	25.96 ± 5.11	0.534	25.45 ± 4.93	27.78 ± 4.46	0.031*
Height(cm)	159.21 ± 5.00	160.04 ± 6.91	0.310	159.61 ± 5.93	158.83 ± 4.64	0.541
BMI(Kg/m2)	25.11 ± 5.44	23.85 ± 5.11	0.092	24.86 ± 5.48	22.66 ± 3.52	0.061
WHR	0.84 ± 0.05	0.83 ± 0.05	0.036*	0.84 ± 0.05	0.83 ± 0.04	0.342
mF-G(points)	6.47 ± 4.52	4.82 ± 4.28	0.008**	6.06 ± 4.53	3.91 ± 3.68	0.030*
Acne (points)	1.16 ± 0.94	1.00 ± 0.73	0.169	1.17 ± 0.86	0.52 ± 0.67	0.001**
T(ng/mL)	1.34 ± 0.55	0.59 ± 0.22	0.000**	1.07 ± 0.60	0.85 ± 0.38	0.019*
LH(mIU/mL)	12.92 ± 5.58	13.14 ± 5.42	0.768	13.10 ± 5.56	12.17 ± 5.11	0.444
FSH(mIU/mL)	6.00 ± 1.48	6.60 ± 2.05	0.015*	6.21 ± 1.70	6.43 ± 2.12	0.571
LH/FSH	2.18 ± 0.85	2.08 ± 1.03	0.466	2.17 ± 0.94	1.93 ± 0.66	0.248
E2(pg/mL)	45.57 ± 14.76	42.74 ± 12.30	0.129	44.26 ± 14.05	46.37 ± 12.77	0.493
PRL(ng/mL)	13.73 ± 5.73	14.32 ± 7.70	0.519	13.95 ± 6.44	14.01 ± 7.50	0.971
P(ng/mL)	0.55 ± 0.24	0.56 ± 0.29	0.768	0.55 ± 0.25	0.58 ± 0.36	0.621

ps: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.

Table 4. Comparison of metabolic related clinical indicators between the PCOS hyperandrogenism group and the non hyperandrogenism group, as well as the hyperandrogenicity sign group and the non hyperandrogenicity sign group.

	Hyperandrogemia (n = 133)	No Hyperandrogemia (n = 83)	p	Kaohsiung syndrome (n = 193)	No Kaohsiung syndrome (n = 23)	p
FPG(mmol/L)	5.02 ± 0.38	4.93 ± 0.36	0.103	5.00 ± 0.39	4.92 ± 0.26	0.374
G30(mmol/L)	8.41 ± 1.57	8.14 ± 1.39	0.190	8.39 ± 1.48	7.60 ± 1.61	0.018*
G60(mmol/L)	7.73 ± 2.11	7.42 ± 2.12	0.285	7.69 ± 2.11	6.92 ± 2.10	0.098
G120(mmol/L)	6.53 ± 1.54	6.02 ± 1.40	0.016*	6.35 ± 1.48	6.21 ± 1.71	0.675
G180(mmol/L)	4.97 ± 1.25	4.79 ± 1.00	0.255	4.88 ± 1.15	5.09 ± 1.23	0.420
FNS(mIU/L)	20.81 ± 13.77	15.24 ± 10.12	0.001**	19.25 ± 13.12	13.77 ± 7.81	0.006*
N30(mIU/L)	161.31 ± 107.02	127.55 ± 69.35	0.005**	151.99 ± 99.04	117.69 ± 50.82	0.010*
N60(mIU/L)	161.69 ± 117.32	136.30 ± 100.38	0.104	154.95 ± 115.39	126.65 ± 68.39	0.094
N120(mIU/L)	146.08 ± 120.55	107.91 ± 80.31	0.006**	134.31 ± 112.64	107.12 ± 56.50	0.063
N180(mIU/L)	66.72 ± 66.73	58.05 ± 66.60	0.354	65.53 ± 69.69	45.37 ± 25.63	0.008**
HOMA-IR	4.72 ± 3.30	3.39 ± 2.37	0.001**	4.35 ± 3.13	3.01 ± 1.73	0.003**
HbA1c(%)	5.40 ± 0.38	5.32 ± 0.37	0.141	5.36 ± 0.36	5.40 ± 0.57	0.697
AUCG	27.67 ± 5.03	26.44 ± 4.55	0.070	27.37 ± 4.78	25.74 ± 5.48	0.129
AUCI	512.84 ± 335.37	408.40 ± 240.85	0.008**	483.64 ± 319.01	381.02 ± 135.57	0.007**
BUN(mmol/L)	4.56 ± 1.25	4.70 ± 1.34	0.435	4.62 ± 1.28	4.55 ± 1.33	0.821
Cr(umol/L)	58.60 ± 7.76	56.84 ± 7.31	0.099	58.20 ± 7.70	55.61 ± 6.66	0.123
UA(umol/L)	393.83 ± 92.11	354.59 ± 82.50	0.002**	381.05 ± 91.17	359.48 ± 82.95	0.280
TG(mmol/L)	1.76 ± 1.30	1.23 ± 0.74	0.000**	1.58 ± 1.15	1.35 ± 1.11	0.349
TC(mmol/L)	4.77 ± 0.84	4.28 ± 0.80	0.000**	4.57 ± 0.87	4.68 ± 0.74	0.559
HDL-C(mmol/L)	1.24 ± 0.25	1.33 ± 0.34	0.040*	1.28 ± 0.30	1.26 ± 0.20	0.753
LDL-C(mmol/L)	2.80 ± 0.70	2.74 ± 0.83	0.602	2.77 ± 0.76	2.86 ± 0.66	0.551

ps: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.

Table 5. Correlation analyses between T and various clinical indicators in the total PCOS group, hyperandrogenic PCOS group, and non hyperandrogenic PCOS group.

	Total PCOS(n = 216)		Hyperandrogenism(n = 133)		No Hyperandrogenism (n = 83)
	r	p	r	p	r	p
Age (years)	−0.007	0.914	0.019	0.825	0.054	0.626
Height(cm)	0.043	0.528	0.141	0.105	0.090	0.418
BMI(Kg/m2)	0.099	0.145	0.027	0.754	0.083	0.458
WHR	0.119	0.080	0.019	0.832	0.137	0.217
mF-G(points)	0.537	0.000**	0.502	0.000**	0.421	0.000**
Acne (points)	0.265	0.000**	0.173	0.046*	0.259	0.018*
LH(mIU/mL)	−0.118	0.084	−0.168	0.053	−0.039	0.725
FSH(mIU/mL)	−0.228	0.001**	−0.239	0.006**	−0.034	0.760
LH/FSH	−0.008	0.904	−0.056	0.522	−0.058	0.606
E2(pg/mL)	0.053	0.443	−0.037	0.672	0.105	0.345
PRL(ng/mL)	−0.048	0.486	−0.039	0.659	−0.002	0.982
P(ng/mL)	−0.020	0.773	−0.020	0.815	0.026	0.817
FPG(mmol/L)	0.107	0.117	0.062	0.477	0.003	0.980
G30(mmol/L)	0.178	0.009**	0.151	0.083	0.223	0.043
G60(mmol/L)	0.206	0.002**	0.211	0.015*	0.259	0.018
G120(mmol/L)	0.262	0.000**	0.244	0.005**	0.105	0.346
G180(mmol/L)	0.088	0.199	0.077	0.376	−0.074	0.504
FNS(mIU/L)	0.161	0.018*	0.010	0.906	0.194	0.079
N30(mIU/L)	0.123	0.071	0.002	0.984	0.139	0.209
N60(mIU/L)	0.074	0.278	−0.027	0.755	0.167	0.131
N120(mIU/L)	0.138	0.043*	0.017	0.846	0.185	0.095
N180(mIU/L)	0.054	0.433	0.001	0.995	0.095	0.392
HOMA-IR	0.176	0.010**	0.034	0.696	0.184	0.097
HbA1c(%)	0.168	0.013*	0.141	0.106	0.158	0.153
AUCG	0.240	0.000**	0.223	0.010**	0.213	0.053
AUCI	0.124	0.070	−0.003	0.976	0.189	0.088
BUN(mmol/L)	−0.081	0.236	−0.075	0.393	−0.034	0.760
Cr(umol/L)	0.080	0.242	0.023	0.791	−0.030	0.790
UA(umol/L)	0.201	0.003**	0.100	0.250	0.069	0.536
TG(mmol/L)	0.231	0.001**	0.144	0.099	−0.047	0.672
TC(mmol/L)	0.035	0.609	−0.224	0.010**	−0.101	0.364
HDL-C(mmol/L)	−0.226	0.001**	−0.242	0.005	−0.089	0.424
LDL-C(mmol/L)	−0.024	0.726	−0.081	0.353	−0.019	0.864

ps: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.

Data availability statement

Data openly available in a public repository that issues datasets with DOIs