Complex care needs of patients with late-stage HIV disease: A retrospective study

Figures & data

Table 1. Patient demographics (n=83).

	Frequency	Percentage
Mean age (years)	49.2	SD = 10.5
Gender (n = 83)
Male	67	80.7
Female	16	19.3
Marital status (n = 82)
Single, never married	46	56.1
Married, common law	16	19.5
Divorced, separated	16	19.5
Widowed	4	4.9
Sexual orientation (n = 72)
Homosexual	44	61.1
Heterosexual	24	33.3
Bisexual	4	5.6
Ethnicity (n = 77)
White	56	72.7
Black	8	10.4
Aboriginal	8	10.4
Asian	5	6.5
Citizen status (n = 75)
Canadian citizen	65	86.7
Permanent resident	9	12.0
Refugee claimant	1	1.3
Income source* (n = 79)
Disability and/or national pension plan	70	88.6
Employment	2	2.5
Family support	2	2.5
No reported income	3	3.8
Other	6	7.6
Housing (n = 81)
Renting own dwelling	44	54.3
Supported housing (renting)	17	21.0
Unstable housing (shelter, streets, staying with family or friends)	16	19.8
Homeowner	2	2.5
Nursing home	2	2.5

Note: *Patients could report more than one income source.

Table 2. Patient medical and psychiatric history (n = 83).

	Frequency	Percentage
Medical History
Average number of years living  with HIV	14.8	SD = 7.5
CD4+ at admission (n = 79)
CD4 + < 200	46	58.2
CD4+ 200–500	23	29.1
CD4+ >500	10	12.7
Viral load recorded on chart (n = 53)
Viral load detectable	32	60.4
Viral load undetectable	21	39.6
Presence of anemia	26	31.3
No family physician	9	10.8
Medical co-morbidities (n = 83)
Mean number of medical co- morbidities	5.9	SD = 2.3
AIDS defining opportunistic  condition	44	53.0
Respiratory disease/condition	36	43.4
Liver disease	24	28.9
Non-AIDS defining malignancies	14	16.9
Cardiac disease	16	19.3
Kidney disease	8	9.6
AIDS defining malignancies	5	6.0
Medications (n = 83)
Mean number of all meds at  admission	11.5	SD = 5.3
On HAART	62	74.7
Mean CPE 2010 Rank of  HAART regime (n = 60)	9.7	SD = 3.0
Self-reported full adherence to  ART (n = 60)	33	55.0
Lifetime history of psychiatric disorder (n = 83)
Mean number of Axis I diagnoses	1.9	SD = 1.1
Drug misuse disorder	52	62.7
Cognitive disorders including  dementia	40	48.2
Depressive disorder	32	38.6
Anxiety disorder	12	14.5
Bipolar disorder	6	7.2
Schizophrenia disorder	4	4.8
PTSD	3	3.6
Adjustment disorder	1	1.2
Other psychiatric disorder	6	7.2
Psychiatric medications (n = 63)
Mean number of psych meds at  admission	1.9	SD = 1.1
Hypnotics	40	63.5
Antidepressants	28	44.4
Antipsychotics	23	36.5
Psychostimulants	3	4.8
Mood stabilizers	1	1.6
Substance misuse (n = 83)
Alcohol	11	13.3
Any substance use (other than  alcohol)	36	43.4
Cocaine	20	24.1
Marijuana	14	16.9
Crystal meth	7	8.4
Other drugs	5	6.0

Table 3. Reason for admission (n=83).

	General admission (n=61)		Respite admission (n=22)
Reason for admission	Frequency*	Percentage	Frequency*	Percentage
Supportive care/medical focus	51	83.6	21	95.5
ART adherence support	11	18.0	6	27.3
End of life care	9	14.8	0	n/a
Supportive care/psychosocial focus	7	11.5	5	22.7
Caregiver relief	1	1.6	3	13.6

Note: *Patients could be admitted for more than one reason.

Figure 1. Patient complexity Venn diagram. This Venn diagram demonstrates the complex interaction of psychiatric history, medical morbidity and unstable housing in 83 patients. Only 1.2% (n=1) did not have any of the complexity variables.

*Note: Psychiatric diagnoses include substance misuse disorder and HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment.