Episodic medication adherence in adolescents and young adults with perinatally acquired HIV: a within-participants approach

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic information (n = 29).

Variable
Age	Median	17
	IQR	16–18.5
Gender	Female	17
Birthplace	UK/Europe	9
	Africa	20
Ethnicity	Black African	25
	Other	3
	Prefer not to say	1

Table 2. Clinical and behavioural characteristics (n = 29).

Variable			Frequencies
Medication	ART once daily		24
	ART twice daily		1
	Missing		4
Adherence	Subjective rating of overall adherence	Excellent	12
		Good	11
		Not so good	2
		Missing	4
HIV Disclosure	Number of people disclosed to	10+	3
		5–9	1
		3–4	1
		1–2	10
		0	11
		Missing	3
Referred to child mental health services?	Yes		1
	No		24
	Missing		4
Alcohol use	Never		18
	Monthly or less		6
	2–4 times/month		2
	4 + times/week		2
	Missing		1

Table 3. Descriptive statistics for behavioural variables (n = 29).

Variable		Non-adherent episode (frequencies)		Adherent episode (frequencies)		p value*
Weekday	Mon–Thu	11		22		.001
	Fri–Sun	16		5
	Missing	2		2
Routine	Normal	12	Same 12	24	Same 24	.004
	Unexpected	8	Different 15	2	Different 4
	Planned	7		2
	Missing	2		1
Location	At home	15		25		.003
	Not at home	14		3
	Missing	0		1
Who with at time of dose/missed dose	Alone	8	Alone 8	12	Alone 12	.34
	Friend	10	Not alone 21	0	Not alone 16
	Partner	2		0
	Family	9		16
	Missing	0		1
Someone there to remind you	Yes	11		9		.63
	No	18		19
	Missing	0		1
Substance use	Yes	4		2
	No	25		26
	Missing	0		1

*p value of difference between non-adherent and adherent episode.

Table 4. Descriptive statistics for Information, Motivation, and Behavioural Skills.

Variable (minimum–maximum score)	Episode	Mean	SD	p value*
Information (4–20)	Non-adherent	18.04	3.64	.28
	Adherent	19.04	1.64
Personal motivation (8–40)	Non-adherent	21.14	8.59	.78
	Adherent	21.54	8.06
Social motivation (1–5)	Non-adherent	2.52	1.33	.07
	Adherent	2	1.28
Behavioural skills (10–50)	Non-adherent	29.75	9.52	<.001
	Adherent	37.92	7.29

*p value of difference between non-adherent and adherent episode.

Table 5. Descriptive statistics for affective and somatic variables.

Variable (min–max score)	Episode	Mean (SD)	p value*
PANAS-C 5 item Positive affect (5–25)	Non-adherent	8.55 (4.55)	.005
	Adherent	12.15(6.02)
Calm (1–5)	Non-adherent	2.34 (1.32)	.01
	Adherent	3.33 (1.49)
At ease (1–5)	Non-adherent	2.28 (1.31)	.03
	Adherent	3.07 (1.54)
Content (1–5)	Non-adherent	2.14 (1.19)	.03
	Adherent	2.85 (1.43)
Satisfied (1–5)	Non-adherent	2.17 (1.34)	.02
	Adherent	3.00 (1.54)
PANAS-C 5 item Negative Affect (5–25)	Non-adherent	11.34 (5.97)	.08
	Adherent	8.96 (5.25)
Weak	Non-adherent	2.10 (1.21)	.40
(1–5)	Adherent	2.00 (1.44)
Helpless	Non-adherent	2.17 (1.47)	.13
(1–5)	Adherent	1.77 (1.07)
Out of control (1–5)	Non-adherent	2.21 (1.40)	.11
	Adherent	1.93 (1.36)
Blamed	Non-adherent	2.17 (1.39)	.004
(1–5)	Adherent	1.41 (0.80)
Somatic symptoms “I felt ill”(1–5)	Non-adherent	2.52 (1.37)	.76
	Adherent	2.54 (1.38)

*p value of difference between non-adherent and adherent episode.