HIV-positive women have higher prevalence of comorbidities and anticholinergic burden: assessment of the HIV-positive population from Menorca (Balearic Islands)

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic characteristics of patients (n = 223).

	N	Total (n = 223)
Age (years)	223
Median		53.00
Q1, Q3		44.50, 58.00
Gender, n (%)	223
Men		152 (68.2)
Women		71 (31.8)
BMI (kg/m^2)	223
Median		24.07
Q1, Q3		21.89, 27.34
Smoking habit, n (%)	222	105 (47.3)
Drug abuse, n (%)	223	22 (9.9)
Time from diagnosis	219
Median		18.75
Q1, Q3		9.42, 27.73
CD4 count	223
Median		711.00
Q1, Q3		509.50, 903.00
Undetectable patients, n (%)	223	211 (94.6)
CDC staging, n (%)	223
A1		22 (9.9)
A2		43 (19.3)
A3		13 (5.8)
B1		1 (0.4)
B2		32 (14.3)
B3		39 (17.5)
C1		11 (4.9)
C2		50 (22.4)
C3		12 (5.4)
Coinfection	219
HCV		55 (25.1)
HBV		5 (2.3)
HCV + HBV		5 (2.3)

Max: maximum; Min: minimum; SD: standard deviation.

Figure 1. HIV transmission routes according to age ranges.

Table 2. Bivariate analysis identifying the factors associated with the use of antiretroviral drugs (INIs, NRTIs, NNRTIs and PI).

	HAART without the drug	HAART with the drug	Total	p-value
INIs, n	120	103	223
Time from diagnosis, median (IQR)	19.43 (16.02)	13.92 (22.01)	18.75 (18.31)	<.001
Naïve patients, n (%)	12 (10.0)	36 (35.0)	48 (21.5)	<.001
NRTIs, n	29	194	223
Male, n (%)	13 (44.8)	139 (71.6)	152 (68.2)	.007
Time from diagnosis, median (IQR)	26.43 (13.76)	17.43 (18.51)	18.75 (18.31)	<.001
Drug-to-drug interactions, n (%)	23 (79.3)	75 (38.7)	98 (43.9)	<.001
NNRTIs, n	135	88	223
Time from diagnosis, median (IQR)	16.93 (21.5)	19.43 (16.52)	18.75 (18.31)	.002
Naïve patients, n (%)	38 (28.1)	10 (11.4)	48 (21.5)	.005
Drug-to-drug interactions, n (%)	67 (49.6)	31 (35.2)	98 (43.9)	.048
PIs, n	168	55	223
Time from diagnosis, median (IQR)	17.43 (20.0)	21.43 (15.0)	18.75 (18.31)	.021
CD4 count, Median (IQR)	730.50 (365.75)	632.00 (431.5)	711.00 (393.5)	.027
C3 stage, n (%)	34 (20.2)	16 (29.1)	50 (22.4)	.002
Naïve patients, n (%)	43 (25.6)	5 (9.1)	48 (21.5)	.017
Patients with drug interactions, n (%)	53 (31.5)	45 (81.8)	98 (43.9)	<.001

Figure 2. Prevalence of symptoms, assessed using the HIV-SI index, by gender.

Figure 3. Multivariate logistic regression. Factors associated with comorbidities. (A) Sleep symptoms. (B) Muscular pain symptoms. (C) Image problem symptoms.

Table 3. Drug-to-drug interactions between antiretroviral drugs.

	Red category		Yellow category		Green category
Antiretroviral drugs	N	%	N	%	N	%
NRTIs	0	0	39	15	0	0
NNRTIs	5	1.92	9	3.46	1	0.38
PI	7	2.69	133	51.15	6	2.31
Booster drugs	3	1.15	49	18.85	1	0.38
INIs	0	0	2	0.77	1	0.38
CCR5 inhibitors	0	0	4	1.54	0	0
Non-antiretroviral drugs (ATCC)	N	%	N	%	N	%
Nervous system	6	1.58	123	32.45	7	1.85
Cardiovascular system	3	0.79	84	22.16	56	14.78
Gastrointestinal tract and metabolism	3	0.79	11	2.90	19	5.01
Blood	2	0.53	7	1.85	2	0.53
Urinary tract	0	0	1	0.26	1	0.26
Respiratory system	4	1.06	16	4.22	1	0.26
Antineoplastic and immunomodulator agents	0	0	3	0.79	3	0.79
Musculoskeletal system	0	0	24	6.33	3	0.79

Figure 4. Anticholinergic burden, according to DBI, by gender. Percentage of patients without exposure, low exposure and high exposure.