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AIDS Care
Psychological and Socio-medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV
Volume 35, 2023 - Issue 12
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Research Article

Real-world effectiveness of WHO recommended first-line antiretroviral therapies: a cohort study from a middle-income country

, , , , , & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 1891-1903 | Received 23 Dec 2021, Accepted 08 Mar 2023, Published online: 31 Mar 2023

Figures & data

Figure 1. Temporal evolution first-line regimens and immunologic criteria for treatment initiation based on Brazilian ART guidelines, 2008–2017.

Figure 1. Temporal evolution first-line regimens and immunologic criteria for treatment initiation based on Brazilian ART guidelines, 2008–2017.

Figure 2. The proposed operational model depicting the relationship between exposure, outcome, and covariates.

Figure 2. The proposed operational model depicting the relationship between exposure, outcome, and covariates.

Figure 3. Flowchart of the study population, INI Clinical Cohort, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008–2018.

Figure 3. Flowchart of the study population, INI Clinical Cohort, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008–2018.

Figure 4. Percentage of individuals initiating first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) by type of ART regimen (NNRTI-based regimens [at least 2 NRTIs plus 1 NNRTI], PI-based regimens [at least 2 NRTIs plus 1 PI], INSTI-based regimens [at least 2 NRTIs plus 1 INSTI], and single-tablet regimen [STR, Tenofovir 300 mg, Lamivudine 300 mg plus Efavirenz 600 mg as a single pill]) and year, INI Clinical Cohort, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008–2018.

Figure 4. Percentage of individuals initiating first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) by type of ART regimen (NNRTI-based regimens [at least 2 NRTIs plus 1 NNRTI], PI-based regimens [at least 2 NRTIs plus 1 PI], INSTI-based regimens [at least 2 NRTIs plus 1 INSTI], and single-tablet regimen [STR, Tenofovir 300 mg, Lamivudine 300 mg plus Efavirenz 600 mg as a single pill]) and year, INI Clinical Cohort, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008–2018.

Table 1. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics at first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, overall, and by first-line ART regimen, INI Clinical Cohort, 2008-2018, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Figure 5. Viral load availability: percentage of individuals with viral load measurements at 6- (left) and 12-months (right) of initiating ART by year of ART initiation, INI Clinical Cohort, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008–2018.

Figure 5. Viral load availability: percentage of individuals with viral load measurements at 6- (left) and 12-months (right) of initiating ART by year of ART initiation, INI Clinical Cohort, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008–2018.

Figure 6. Viral suppression: percentage of individuals with viral suppresion at 6- (left) and 12-months (right) of initiating ART by year of ART initiation, INI Clinical Cohort, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008–2018.

Figure 6. Viral suppression: percentage of individuals with viral suppresion at 6- (left) and 12-months (right) of initiating ART by year of ART initiation, INI Clinical Cohort, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008–2018.

Figure 7. Immune response: CD4 cell counts (median and interquartile range) at ART initiation and at 6- and 12-months after initiating ART by ART regimen, INI Clinical Cohort, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008–2018.

Figure 7. Immune response: CD4 cell counts (median and interquartile range) at ART initiation and at 6- and 12-months after initiating ART by ART regimen, INI Clinical Cohort, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008–2018.

Table 2. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio (95% credibility interval) for factors associated with viral suppression at six months, INI Clinical Cohort, 2008-2018, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Table 3. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio (95% credibility interval) for factors associated with viral suppression at 12 months, INI Clinical Cohort, 2008-2018, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Supplemental material

Supplemental Material

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Data availability statement

The final dataset used for the current study is available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.