Matching-adjusted indirect comparison of efficacy outcomes in trials of calcipotriol plus betamethasone dipropionate foam and cream formulations for the treatment of plaque psoriasis

Figures & data

Figure 1. Schematic of MAIC process. IPD from trials of one intervention is selected and weighted to match the mean population characteristics of a second treatment. After adjustment, trial outcomes can be compared either directly (‘unanchored’) or via a common comparator (‘anchored’). BD, betamethasone dipropionate; Cal, calcipotriol; IPD, individual patient data; MAIC, matching-adjusted indirect comparison; RCT, randomized controlled trial.

Figure 2. (A) Comparison of included trials. (B) Summary of available data for MAIC analyses. BD, betamethasone dipropionate; Cal, calcipotriol; MAIC, matching-adjusted indirect comparison.

Table 1. Baseline characteristics before and after matching – PSO-ABLE vs Cal/BD cream trials (anchored MAIC).

Variable	Cal/BD cream US trial	PSO-ABLE US subgroup		Cal/BD cream EU trial	PSO-ABLE EU subgroup
	Baseline characteristics	Unweighted	Weighted	Baseline characteristics	Unweighted	Weighted
Cal/BD foam vs cream	N = 342	N = 59	Neff = 52.24	N = 213	N = 103	Neff = 39.45
Age, years (SD)	52.00 (14.4)	50.31 (13.42)	52.00	48.60 (13.70)	56.84 (15.20)	48.60
Sex, % male	59.36	64.41	59.36	63.85	70.87	63.85
Mean BSA, % (SD)	7.30 (6.00)	7.05 (6.13)	7.30	7.80 (6.50)	6.17 (4.05)	7.80
Mean mPASI (SD)	7.30 (3.90)	7.22 (4.74)	7.30	8.00 (3.90)	6.15 (3.33)	8.00
PGA, %
Mild	19.88	23.73	19.88	17.84	37.86	17.84
Moderate	80.12	76.27	80.12	82.16	62.14	82.16
Skin type, %
I or II	31.29	42.37	31.29	51.64	20.39	51.64
III	30.41	32.20	30.41	36.15	45.63	36.15
IV, V or VI	38.30	25.42	38.30	12.21	33.98	12.21
Cal/BD gel arms	N = 337	N = 55	Neff = 45.11	N = 209	N = 114	Neff = 49.52
Age, years (SD)	52.60 (13.70)	55.75 (12.85)	52.60	51.50 (14.80)	53.53 (15.59)	51.50
Sex, % male	65.58	60.00	65.58	54.07	57.89	54.07
Mean BSA, % (SD)	8.40 (7.00)	7.27 (5.81)	8.40	7.80 (6.50)	6.17 (4.46)	7.80
Mean mPASI (SD)	7.70 (4.10)	6.61 (3.28)	7.70	8.00 (3.90)	5.96 (3.01)	8.00
PGA, %
Mild	16.91	21.82	16.91	18.18	28.95	18.18
Moderate	83.09	78.18	83.09	81.82	71.05	81.82
Skin type, %
I or II	32.34	40.00	32.34	50.24	26.32	50.24
III	33.23	34.55	33.23	36.36	46.49	36.36
IV, V or VI	34.42	25.45	34.42	13.40	27.19	13.40

BD, betamethasone dipropionate; BSA, body surface area; Cal, calcipotriol; MAIC, matching-adjusted indirect comparison; mPASI, modified Psoriasis Area and Severity Index; N_eff, effective sample size; PGA, Physician's Global Assessment.

Figure 3. Odds ratios for achieving PGA success is anchored MAIC of PSO-ABLE versus US and EU RCTs of Cal/BD cream. PGA response rates are for the comparators vs Cal/BD gel. BD, betamethasone dipropionate; Cal, calcipotriol; CI, confidence interval; MAIC, matching-adjusted indirect comparison; OR, odds ratio; PGA, Physician's Global Assessment; RCT, randomized controlled trial.

Figure 4. Mean change in mPASI in anchored MAIC of PSO-ABLE versus US and EU RCTs of Cal/BD cream. Data shown are the difference in mean mPASI change between the comparators and Cal/BD gel. BD, betamethasone dipropionate; Cal, calcipotriol; CI, confidence interval; MAIC, matching-adjusted indirect comparison; mPASI, modified Psoriasis Area and Severity Index; RCT, randomized controlled trial.

Figure 5. Odds ratios for achieving PGA success in unanchored MAIC of (A) PSO-FAST, LEO90100-35 and LEO90100-7 versus US RCTs of Cal/BD cream, and (B) PSO-LONG versus US and pooled US and EU RCTs of Cal/BD cream. BD, betamethasone dipropionate; Cal, calcipotriol; CI, confidence interval; MAIC, matching-adjusted indirect comparison; OR, odds ratio; PGA, Physician's Global Assessment; RCT, randomized controlled trial.

Figure 6. Mean change in mPASI in unanchored MAIC of (A) PSO-FAST, LEO90100-35 and LEO90100-7 versus US RCTs of Cal/BD cream, and (B) PSO-LONG versus US and pooled US and EU RCTs of Cal/BD cream. BD, betamethasone dipropionate; Cal, calcipotriol; CI, confidence interval; MAIC, matching-adjusted indirect comparison; mPASI, modified Psoriasis Area and Severity Index; RCT, randomized controlled trial.