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ABSTRACT
Background
In patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) exercise improves muscle strength and decreases fat mass, whereas the consumption of a Mediterranean diet (MD) also has been associated with higher grip strength. Therefore, it is important to explore the combined effects of these interventions on hand grip strength and weight in RA.
Objective
To determine the combined effect of an MD and a dynamic exercise program (DEP) on hand grip strength in women with RA.
Method
In a randomized clinical trial, 106 women with RA were included and assigned to the DEP-MD, DEP and MD groups. Weight, body circumferences, Disease Activity Score-28, Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index [HAQ-DI], and hand grip strength were measured at baseline and 24 weeks after the interventions.
Results
After 24 weeks, hand grip strength showed a significant increase in the DEP group (median 2 kg) compared with DEP-MD (median 0.5 kg) and MD (median −0.5 kg) groups (p = 0.03). In the MD group weight and waist circumference showed a significant decrease (−2.2 kg and −4.3 cm) compared with DEP-MD (0.85 kg and 1.9 cm) and DEP (0.35 kg and 0.5 cm) groups (p < 0.01). Finally, a significant decrease was observed in the HAQ-DI after treatment in the DEP-MD group of −0.5 and the DEP group of −0.25 compared with the MD group with no change (p = 0.03).
Conclusion
In women with RA, in addition to pharmacological treatment, DEP increases hand grip strength and an MD decreases weight and waist circumferences, while the combination of DEP and MD improves disability.
Declaration of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Suplementary material
Supplemental data for this article can be accessed on the publisher’s website.