Effectiveness of Communication-specific Coping Intervention for adults with traumatic brain injury: preliminary results

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic, injury-related, functional communication and handicap characteristics (n = 13).

Variable	Mean	Standard deviation	Range
Age at injury (years)	27.54	10.51	16–54
Education at injury (years)	13.62	2.60	10–17
Time post-injury (years)	7.62	5.16	2–18.5
Age at assessment (years)	35.15	9.30	25–58.2
Functional Communication: La Trobe Communication Questionnaire (LCQ)
Self-report (total score)	70.15	18.20	43–89
Close other report (total score)	77.73	15.67	53–97
Activity Limitations: Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique Short Form (CHART-SF)
Physical independence	91.08	21.18	36–100
Cognitive independence	61.31	28.68	15–100
Mobility	92.77	12.26	64–100
Occupation	46.58	21.53	18–100
Social integration	77.19	27.19	23–100

Table 2. Descriptive statistics and results of repeated measure ANOVA for measures of communication-specific coping.

Measure	Time 1 Mean (SD)	Time 2 Mean (SD)	Time 3 Mean (SD)	Time 4 Mean (SD)	Time 5 Mean (SD)	F	p
Communication-specific Coping Scale (CommSpeCS)
Self-report (n = 13)
Comprehension: Productive	50.23 (14.28)	52.50 (14.48)	47.69 (14.11)	47.85 (12.80)	46.23 (14.77)	1.142	.348	.087
Comprehension: Non-productive	19.62 (6.87)	19.42 (7.45)	16.46 (6.85)	15.47 (4.00)	15.08 (5.69)	3.987^GG	.028*	.249^b
Expression: Productive	59.31 (16.05)	60.15 (10.49)	60.84 (14.52)	58.76 (15.83)	58.54 (15.71)	0.188	.943	.015
Expression: Non-productive	17.15 (6.95)	17.29 (5.02)	15.77 (4.71)	14.47 (5.70)	14.23 (3.85)	2.09^GG	.129	.148^a
Close other (n = 7)
Comprehension: Productive	46.21 (6.59)	46.47 (6.17)	48.17 (8.52)	51.67 (10.17)	46.45 (6.05)	.930	.467	.157^a
Comprehension: Non-productive	22.17 (5.38)	21.21 (6.14)	19.83 (3.92)	20.33 (6.25)	20.00 (6.51)	.512	.727	.093^a
Expression: Productive	45.98 (3.72)	45.76 (2.73)	55.85 (12.21)	62.17 (13.70)	53.33 (8.43)	5.691	.003**	.532^b
Expression: Non-productive	20.33 (3.98)	21.17 (4.79)	18.33 (7.06)	20.17 (6.21)	18.17 (5.00)	.696^GG	.518	.122^a
Discourse Coping Scale (DCS)
Clinician (blind rated)
Comprehension Task	3.42 (1.09)	3.72 (1.21)	5.13 (1.44)	5.25 (2.21)	6.10 (1.91)	8.92^GG	.001**	.403^b
Expression Task	4.28 (1.68)	4.72 (1.36)	5.55 (1.74)	6.39 (2.02)	6.65 (2.13)	12.72^GG	< .001**	.515^b

^GGGreenhouse-Geisser correction applied to degrees of freedom; ^aexceeds RMPE (recommended minimum effect size representing a practically significant effect); ^bmoderate effect.

*p < .05; **p < .01

Table 3. Descriptive statistics and results of repeated measure ANOVA for measures of functional communication and stress.

Measure	Time 1 Mean (SD)	Time 2 Mean (SD)	Time 3 Mean (SD)	Time 4 Mean (SD)	Time 5 Mean (SD)	F	p
La Trobe Communication Questionnaire (LCQ)
Self-report (n = 13)
Total score	70.15 (18.20)	69.54 (23.29)	58.38 (18.33)	62.58 (18.96)	58.35 (17.27)	4.78^GG	.017*	.285^b
Close other (n = 7)
Total score	77.73 (15.67)	79.93 (17.89)	70.21 (9.82)	71.70 (8.05)	70.57 (9.90)	1.05^GG	.360	.149^a
Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21)
Depression (n = 13)	12.83 (13.09)	11.83 (13.00)	8.17 (8.84)	7.31 (7.70)	6.33 (9.30)	1.80^GG	.183	.141^a
Anxiety (n = 13)	7.99 (11.25)	9.83 (12.04)	3.67 (5.58)	5.39 (7.04)	6.50 (8.79)	3.50^GG	.060	.241^a
Stress scale (n = 13)	12.33 (14.37)	14.00 (14.30)	6.50 (6.50)	4.62 (4.30)	3.50 (4.50)	5.62^GG	.026*	.338^b

^GGGreenhouse-Geisser correction applied to degrees of freedom; ^aexceeds RMPE (recommended minimum effect size representing a practically significant effect); ^bmoderate effect.

*p < .05.