The development and evaluation of a virtual, asynchronous, trauma-focused treatment program for adult survivors of childhood interpersonal trauma

Figures & data

Figure 1. eR&R intervention design process.

Table 1. eR&R module content outline.

Table 2. Coding tree.

Major themes	Subthemes
Technology utilization
Module content	What worked
	Recommendations
Asynchronous delivery	Self-paced
	Resource while on waitlist
Opportunity for interactivity

Table 3. Major themes from qualitative focus groups and example quotes.

Theme	Example quotation
Technology Utilization	“[…]The buttons were, for example, in the video part, if you pressed play, it was very small. I could see it, but I’d still like it bigger so I would just make my own screen bigger accessibility-wise for me.” – Focus Group #2
Module Content	“I wondered how it would be to do a course like this online without that support right there of a therapist, and I thought the material that you covered was really appropriate for that.  It wasn’t too heavy or things that would likely to trigger.” – Focus Group #1
Asynchronous Delivery	“I think [it’s] a big deal that we can do it how we want. If something’s really triggering, I found I could take breaks, we could pause stuff.” – Focus Group #3
Opportunity for Interactivity	“But I would think that [synchronous virtual groups] would be beneficial not only for accountability for myself, but then again, reiterating on that sense of not being alone.  It’s amazing how you may hear the same response from someone else and think, oh, I’m not the only one thinking that way […]”  - Focus Group #1

Table 4. Examples of technological fixes in iterative development.

Issue
Difference in volume across audio recordings Login trouble Trouble loading videos Accessibility issue: text and video play buttons were too small Scroll function on some pages did not work

Table 5. Participant recommendations for module content.

Recommendations for Module Content Given by Patients
Changes in Content Delivery
Clearer definitions of and information on trauma.
Sensitive information on PTSD could also be delivered in a less scripted way to demonstrate more compassion.
A consistent group of staff throughout the modules would build trust and connection.
Additional features
A reference book that breaks down the modules into distinct topics or themes.
Additional handouts, including information on external resources.
Examples of or guidance on the self-reflection exercises.
Client testimonials or an internal discussion board.
A place to submit questions about module content.

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author [DCR]. The full transcripts are not publicly available due to their containing information that could compromise research participant privacy.