Health-related quality of life and prosthesis use among patients amputated due to peripheral arterial disease – a one-year follow-up

Figures & data

Figure 1. Enrolment and follow-up of the trial participants.

Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients that completed follow-up (n = 73).

	Non-walker		Walker
	Frequency	Percentage	Frequency	Percentage
Patients	50		23
Male sex	25	50	19	83
Age (years)	79		70
Current smoker^a	8	16	5	22
Co morbidities
Cardiac disease^b	33	66	10	44
Pulmonary disease^c	13	26	4	17
Diabetes^d	25	50	13	57
Hypertension^e	34	68	19	83
Stroke	11	22	1	4
Renal impairment^f	13	26	4	17
ASA-classification^g
ASA 1	0	0	0	0
ASA 2	2	4	2	9
ASA 3	28	57	16	70
ASA 4	19	39	5	22
ASA 5	0	0	0	0
Ambulatory status before intervention^h
Independent	2	4	7	30
Walking with aid	29	58	14	61
Wheelchair-bound	18	36	1	4
Bedridden	1	2	1	4
Amputation level
BKA	40	67	20	77
AKA	10	33	3	23

All data are presented as n and % if not specified.

^aCurrent smoker/quitted smoking since >4 weeks or never smoked; ^bcurrent heart failure, angina pectoris or a history of myocardial infarction, coronary bypass or percutaneous coronary intervention; ^cchronic obstructive pulmonary disease or emphysema; ^dtype 1 and 2 treated with oral antidiabetics or insulin; ^esystolic blood pressure >150 mmHg or on antihypertensive medication; ^fdefined as serum-creatinine >150 mmol/L; ^gAmerican Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status classification system 1 = normal healthy person, 2 = a patient with mild systemic disease, 3 = a patient with severe systemic disease, 4 = a patient with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life, 5 = a moribund patient who is not expected to survive without operation; ^hindependent, walking with aid, wheelchair-bound or bedridden, Major amputation was defined as a primary amputation above the ankle.

Table 2. Characteristics wearing habits of the prosthesis, according to Houghton scale, n = 53.

	Stanmore 1	Stanmore 2	Stanmore 3	Stanmore 4	Stanmore 5	Stanmore 6
	Frequency	Frequency	Frequency	Frequency	Frequency	Frequency
Patients	13	9	8	19	2	2
Male sex	6	5	2	15	2	2
Age (years)	81	79	75	72	62	61
I wear my prosthesis
<3 h/day	13	6	4	4	0	0
4–8 h/day	0	0	3	2	0	0
8–11 h/day	0	0	0	5	0	0
>12 h/day	0	3	1	8	2	2
Indoor aid
Wheelchair	11	9	0	0	0	0
Two crutches or a walker	2	0	7	8	0	0
One cane	0	0	1	5	0	0
Nothing	0	0	0	6	2	2
Outdoor aid
Wheelchair	13	9	8	0	0	0
Two crutches or a walker	0	0	0	13	0	0
One cane	0	0	0	6	0	0
Nothing	0	0	0	0	2	2

The analysis is performed in those that retrieved a prosthesis and used it at the one-year follow-up (n = 53). All data is presented as n if elsewhere is not written.

Stanmore Harold Wood mobility grade: 1 – Does not wear a prosthesis or uses it only as cosmetic; 2 – Wears prosthesis only for transfer or help with nursing; 3 – Walks indoors only using walking aids; 4 – Walks indoors and outdoors, using walking aids; 5 – Walks independently with no walking aids except occasionally; 6 – Normal or near normal gait.

Figure 2. Dimensions of EQ-5D-3L at baseline between walker and non-walker amputees. Median values with p-values based on Mann–Whitney U test with eta square as effect size (η²). Higher value indicates more severe problem.

Figure 3. Dimensions of EQ-5D-3L at follow-up between walker and non-walker amputees. Median values with p-values based on Mann–Whitney U test with eta square as effect size (η²). Higher value indicates more severe problem.

Figure 4. Health status in relation to prosthesis use.

Figure 5. HRQoL using EQ-5D index at baseline and follow-up between non-user, user and walker.