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Articles

Division within the French Centre Right during the Hollande presidency: the case of cultural insecurity

Pages 381-396 | Published online: 04 Mar 2019
 

ABSTRACT

This article will contend that the concept of ‘cultural insecurity’ is crucial to explaining the divisions within Les Républicains during the Hollande presidency. While this notion has been used to account for the falling number of working-class voters who support the Centre Left, we will argue that concern about a changing society was more widespread, and affected prosperous groups that were benefitting from economic growth, as well as those who felt that they were losing out. We will show that the Centre Right was split between two groups—socially conservative Traditionalists, who formed a majority within the party, and more socially liberal Modernists. Fillon was successful in the 2016 primary because he won the support of the Traditionalists. However, this strategy reinforced this division within the party, as Fillon’s policies alienated many Juppéistes, some of whom joined En Marche before the presidential elections, whilst others defected after Fillon’s defeat. Another section of the party left to form a new movement, Agir. Cultural insecurity therefore helps to explain the splits within Les Républicains between 2012 and 2017, and why the party has remained so divided after its defeat.

RÉSUMÉ

Dans cet article, nous soutiendrons que le concept d’«insécurité culturelle» peut expliquer l’émergence de divisions au sein des Républicains durant le quinquennat d’Hollande. Si certains ont employé cette notion pour expliquer pourquoi les partis du Centre Gauche ont perdu le soutien des ouvriers, nous montrerons que le sentiment d’insécurité face à une société en évolution touchait aussi d’autres populations plus aisées. Nous examinerons comment le Centre droit était divisé en deux groupes- des sociaux conservateurs qu’on appelera ‘Traditionalists’ et qui représentait la majorité des militants, et des progressistes, qu’on nommera les ‘Modernists.’ Fillon a gagné la primaire en recueillant les voix des Traditionalists. Cependant, sa stratégie a renforcé cette division au sein du parti. Son programme, très conservateur sur le plan culturel, a aliéné des Juppéistes et des militants des partis du Centre qui désiraient une politique plus progressiste. Certains ont rejoint En Marche avant la présidentielle, et d’autres ont quitté Les Républicains pour soutenir Macron après son élection en 2017. Une autre section a créé un nouveau mouvement du Centre droit, Agir. L’insécurité culturelle peut alors expliquer les divisions au sein du parti durant le quinquennat d’Hollande et pourquoi Les Républicains est resté divisé après la victoire de Macron.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.

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