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Abstract
A major issue surrounding the tourism industry is the trade-off between the positive and negative impacts of increased visitation. Countries welcome tourism's positive effects on their economy but fear tourism's impact on culture and environment. There is also debate about tourism's effectiveness in reducing poverty and sharing economic benefits across residents. In this study, 120 countries were grouped on the basis of the relative importance of tourism to their economies and their relative performance in terms of international tourism receipts per capita. Then, the profiles for the categories derived from this tourism importance–performance typology were examined, and their environmental performance compared across categories using indicators that measure environmental health and ecosystem vitality. The majority of countries fell into the categories with a consistent level of importance and performance (i.e. low importance/low performance and high importance/high performance). Overall, the countries in the two high performance categories (i.e. low importance/high performance and high importance/high performance) fared better in terms of environmental health and ecosystem vitality. The results are presented in detail and the policy implications for tourism managers are discussed.
用一种旅游重要性-表演性类型在全球性的水平上调查环境可持续性
关于旅游业的一个主要因素是增加的参观人数引起的正面和负面影响之间的权衡。国家都喜欢旅游在经济上的正面影响，但是却害怕旅游对文化和环境的负面影响。同时也有意见争论旅游在对居民减少贫穷和分摊经济收益的有效性。在该研究中，根据旅游对当地经济的重要性和针对于每人国际旅游收入的相关表现性，文章将120个国家分类。然后，从这个旅游重要性-表演性类别中产生的范畴在文中讨论到，并且范畴中的环境表现通过衡量环境健康和生态系统活力的指标进行了对比。大部分的国家都属于同一个范畴：重要性和表演性有一致性(例如，低重要性＼低表演性和高重要性高表演性）。总的来说，属于两个高表演性范畴（例如低重要性，高表演性和高重要性，高表演性）在关于环境健康和生态系统活力上做得更好。结论详细地在文中解释了，对旅游经理的政策治理上的重要提示也在文中讨论了。