Consequences of criminalisation: the Dutch khat market before and after the ban

Figures & data

Figure 1. Quarterly khat seizures at Schiphol Airport, number of seizures (left) and amount in kgs (right).

Figure 2. Khat-related incidents registered by Dutch police, per quarter.

Table 1. Demographic characteristics of khat users in 2011 and 2015.

	2011 (n = 114)	2015 (n = 168)	p
Gender			0.880
Male	84.7%	85.1%
Female	15.3%	14.9%
Age			0.023
Range (years)	20–70	20–62
Mean (years)	38.5	36.7
Country of birth			0.768
Somalia	95.7%	95.2%
Other	4.3%	4.8%
Living situation			0.107
Alone	45.6%	51.8%
With others	54.4%	48.2%
Paid employment			0.006
Yes	39.5%	29.2%
No	60.5%	70.8%
Monthly income respondent’s household			<0.001
<500 Euro	4.8%	28.4%
500–1000 Euro	41.9%	33.9%
1000–1500 Euro	34.3%	19.8%
>1500 Euro	19.0%	17.9%