Effects of different levels of date pits on performance, carcass characteristics and blood parameters of broiler chickens

Figures & data

Table 1. Chemical composition of date pits (%).

	Nutrients
References	DM	CP	CF	Fat	Ash	Ca	p
This experiment	91.76	6.27	16.42	9.57	1.312	0.865	0.097
Kamel et al. (1981)	92.2	5.2	16.2	8.6	1.1	0.57	0.31
Siew et al. (1995)	–	6.5	22	10.4	1.1	0.49	0.12
DM, Dry matter; CP, crude protein; CF, crude fibre.

Table 2. The composition of experimental diets.

	Starter				Grower
	Diet 1control	Diet 2 (10% DP)	Diet 3 (20% DP)	Diet 4 (30% DP)	Diet 1 control	Diet 2 (10% DP)	Diet 3 (20% DP)	Diet 4 (30% DP)
Ingredient
Corn	59.00	49.00	39.00	29.00	63.00	53.00	43.00	33.00
Date pits	0.00	10.00	20.00	30.00	0.00	10.00	20.00	30.00
Soybean Meal-44%	32.03	32.70	30.91	30.86	27.79	26.40	24.50	22.50
Fish meal	3.00	3.00	4.70	5.20	2.50	3.92	5.70	7.45
Oil	1.81	2.03	2.40	2.66	3.25	3.82	4.42	5.03
DCP	1.50	1.20	0.90	0.35	0.90	0.50	0.10	0.00
Oyster	1.50	1.20	1.20	1.20	1.55	1.50	1.45	1.25
Vit. & Min. Premix	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
Common salt	0.40	0.35	0.3	0.22	0.32	0.30	0.28	0.16
DL-Methionine	0.2	0.00	0.08	0.00	0.1	0.06	0.05	0.02
L-Lysine	0.07	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.09	0.00	0.00	0.00
Chemical composition
ME (Kcal/kg)	2950	2950	2950	2950	3100	3100	3100	3100
Protein (%)	21.20	21.20	21.20	21.20	19.37	19.37	19.37	19.37
Fibre (%)	3.66	5.29	6.76	8.34	3.43	4.93	6.39	7.85
Calcium (%)	1.10	0.96	0.98	0.91	0.96	0.94	0.92	0.91
p (%)	0.50	0.49	0.50	0.45	0.37	0.36	0.36	0.42
Lysine (%)	1.26	1.24	1.27	1.2	1.14	1.11	1.14	1.17
Met + Cys (%)	0.91	0.69	0.76	0.66	0.76	0.70	0.68	0.64
DCP, di calcium phosphate; Vit. & Min., vitamin and mineral; ME, metabolisable energy.

Table 3. Effects of data pits on performance of broiler starter and finisher chickens.

	Dietary treatments
Performance parameter	Diet 1 (Control)	Diet 2 (10% DP)	Diet 3 (20% DP)	Diet 4 (30% DP)	SEM
Starter phase
Weight gain (g)	555.7^a	505^ab	465.15^b	381.09^c	20.69
ADG (g/day)	26.462^a	24.048^ab	22.15^b	18.147^c	0.98
Feed intake (g)	1011.57^a	1029^a	1044.58^a	966.61^a	14.13
ADFI (g/day)	48.17^a	49^a	49.74^a	46.02^a	0.64
FCR	1.74^c	1.91^c	2.10^b	2.39^a	0.076
Grower phase
Weight gain (g)	1486.3^a	1268.33^ab	1092.41^bc	954.21^c	66.80
ADG (g/day)	70.776^a	60.397^ab	52.019^bc	45.438^c	3.18
Feed intake (g)	2883.2^a	2831.7^a	2726.7^a	2400.8^b	13.14
ADFI (g/day)	137.29^a	134.84^a	129.84^a	114.324^b	3.30
FCR	2.04^c	2.30^bc	2.64^ab	2.71^a	0.093
ADFI, average daily feed intake; ADG, average daily gain; FCR, feed conversion ratio; SEM, standard error of means.Means within a row with different superscript letters are significantly different (p< 0.05).

Table 4. Effects of date pits on performance of broiler chickens (whole period).

	Dietary treatments
Performance parameter	Diet 1 (Control)	Diet 2 (10% DP)	Diet 3 (20% DP)	Diet 4 (30% DP)	SEM
Initial body weight (g)	45	45	45	45	–
Final body weight (g)	2087^a	1818.3^b	1602.6^bc	1380.3^c	85.62
ADG (g/day)	48.16^a	42.22^b	37.08^bc	31.79^c	75.60
Feed intake (g)	3894.8^a	3860.7^a	3771.3^a	3367.4^b	2.03
ADFI (g)	92.73^a	91.92^a	89.79^a	80.17^b	79.60
FCR	1.89^b	2.11^b	2.37^a	2.55^a	1.89
ADFI, Average daily feed intake; ADG, average daily gain; FCR, feed conversion ratio; SEM, standard error of means. Means within a row with different superscript letters are significantly different (p < 0.05).

Table 5. Carcass characteristics of birds on experimental diets (percentage of dressed weight).

	Dietary treatments
Parameter	Diet 1 (Control)	Diet 2 (10% DP)	Diet 3 (20% DP)	Diet 4 (30% DP)	SEM
Dressed weight (% LW)	91.72^a	91.88^a	89.46^a	89.42^a	1.29
Kitchen carcass weight (% DW)	81.63^a	78.74^a	75.35^a	71.33^a	1.76
Thigh (% DW)	34.25^a	33.30^ab	35.24^a	30.71^b	0.65
Breast (% DW)	25.39^a	23.20^a	23.46^a	21.99^a	0.60
Back (% DW)	21.98^a	22.23^a	16.64^a	18.62^a	0.75
Gizzard (% DW)	3.89^a	4.68^a	4.40^a	4.61^a	0.17
Liver (% DW)	2.62^a	7.30^a	3.08^a	3.00^a	0.10
Heart (% DW)	0.62^b	0.73^ab	0.74^ab	0.97^a	0.05
LW, live weight; DW, dressed weight; SEM, standard error of means.Means within a row with different superscript letters are significantly different (p< 0.05).

Table 6. The Effects of date pits as feed ingredient of broiler chickens on blood parameters of broiler chickens.

	Diet (% DP/kg DM of diets)
Parameter	Diet 1 (control)	Diet 2 (10% DP)	Diet 3 (20% DP)	Diet 4 (30% DP)	SEM
Glucose (mg/dl)	154.38^c	206.10^bc	275.01^a	255.11^ab	14.05
Cholesterol (mg/dl)	100.89^a	162.94^a	151.89^a	113.18^a	12.71
Triglycerides (mg/dl)	29.76^a	47.34^a	58.28^a	38.58^a	7.19
HDL (mg/dl)	64.92^a	68.75^a	89.62^a	81.78^a	11.76
LDL (mg/dl)	30.02^a	84.72^a	50.61^a	23.68^a	9.86
VLDL (mg/dl)	5.95^a	9.46^a	11.65^a	7.71	6.92
HDL, hay density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; VLDL, very low density lipoprotein; SEM, standard error of means. Means within a row with different superscript letters are significantly different (p < 0.05).