A comparative thermophysiological study on water-deprived goats and camels

Figures & data

Figure 1.  The overall means (solid lines) and standard errors (spotted lines) of 30 min interval daily recorded core body temperature (°C) circadian rhythm of water deprived goats (A) and camels (B).

Table 1. Characteristics of the core body temperature (T _c) circadian rhythm of water-deprived goats and camels (Mean±SEM).

Parameters	Goats		Camels
	Eu-hydration	De-hydration	Eu-hydration	De-hydration
Mesor (^oC)	39.29±0.03^b	40.02±0.04^a	36.95±0.02^b	37.39±0.02^a
Zenith (^oC)	39.59±0.02^b	40.72±0.04^a	37.08±0.02^b	37.79±0.02^a
Acrophase (h)	18:00–19:00	19:00–20:00	16:00–17:00	17:00–18:00
Nadir (^oC)	38.93±0.04^b	39.19±0.05^a	36.71±0.06^b	36.90±0.03^a
Trough (h)	05:00–06:00	05:00–06:00	05:00–06:00	04:00–05:00
Amplitude (^oC)	0.30±0.02^b	0.71±0.09^a	0.12±0.01^b	0.40±0.08^a
Range of oscillation (^oC)	0.67±0.07^b	1.53±0.11^a	0.45±0.08^b	0.98±0.11^a
^a–bMean values of the same species within the same row bearing different superscripts are significantly different at P<0.05.

Table 2. Effects of water deprivation on some haematological and biochemical parameters in goats and camels (Mean±SEM).

Parameters	Goats			Camels
	Eu-hydration	De-hydration	Change (%)	Eu-hydration	De-hydration	Change (%)
PCV (%)	43.01±1.44^b	59.00±1.44^a	37.18	32.40±0.73^b	36.00±0.73^a	11.11
Osmolality (mOs/l)	283.92±13.61^b	478.90±13.61^a	68.67	341.60±4.04^b	360.60±4.04^a	5.56
Na^+ (meq/l)	143.11±1.55^b	189.85±1.55^a	32.66	154.40±4.60^b	197.40±4.60^a	27.85
K^+ (meq/l)	4.29±0.11^b	5.45±0.11^a	27.04	7.40±0.60^b	8.50±0.60^a	14.87
Ca^++ (meq/l)	2.36±0.04^a	2.20±0.04^b	−6.78	2.70±0.12	2.60±0.12	−3.70
Total protein (g/l)	67.00±2.10 ^b	92.10±2.10 ^a	37.46	73.60±2.70 ^b	82.20±2.70^a	11.69
Albumin (g/l)	36.10±1.40^b	43.70±1.40^a	21.05	45.90±1.30^b	56.20±1.30^a	22.44
Globulin (g/l)	30.90±2.40^b	48.40±2.40^a	56.63	27.60±2.70	26.00±2.70	−5.79
Glucose (mg/dl)	68.35±4.46^b	131.62±4.46^a	92.57	106.60±6.90^a	84.80±6.90^b	−20.45
^a–bMean values of the same species within the same row bearing different superscripts are significantly different at P<0.05.