Effects of a multi-enzyme on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed corn-soybean meal basal diets with different metabolizable energy levels

Figures & data

Table 1. Composition of experimental diets for starter phase.

	Treatments
Diet	T1 (A1B1)	T2 (A1B2)	T3 (A1B3)	T4 (A2B1)	T5 (A2B2)	T6 (A2B3)	T7 (A3B1)	T8 (A3B2)	T9 (A3B3)	T10 (A4B1)	T11 (A4B2)	T12 (A4B3)
Corn	518.5	518.5	518.5	560.2	560.2	560.2	577.3	577.3	577.3	567.7	567.7	567.7
Wheat bran	18.4	18.4	18.4	20	20	20	20	20	20	40	40	40
Soybean meal	290	290	290	290	290	290	290	290	290	290	290	290
Corn gluten meal	82.4	82.4	82.4	57.1	57.1	57.1	49.8	49.8	49.8	32.5	32.5	32.5
Canola meal	20	20	20	7.8	7.8	7.8	1.4	1.4	1.4	–	–	–
Soybean oil	21.7	21.7	21.7	15.5	15.5	15.5	13.2	13.2	13.2	25.5	25.5	25.5
Dicalcium phosphate	20	20	20	18.4	18.4	18.4	17.9	17.9	17.9	16.9	16.9	16.9
NaHCO3	3.9	3.9	3.9	4	4	4	4	4	4	3.8	3.8	3.8
CaCO3	14.2	14.2	14.2	15	15	15	15	15	15	12.5	12.5	12.5
Salt	2.1	2.1	2.1	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
L-lysine	4.5	4.5	4.5	3.9	3.9	3.9	3.5	3.5	3.5	3.2	3.2	3.2
DL-methionine	3	3	3	3	3	3	2.8	2.8	2.8	2.9	2.9	2.9
L-threonine	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1
Premix^a	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
Enzyme, mg/kg of diet	–	250	500	–	250	500	–	250	500	–	250	500
Calculated nutrient
ME, MJ/kg	13.18	13.18	13.18	12.34	12.34	12.34	11.93	11.93	11.93	11.51	11.51	11.51
CP, g/kg	241.3	241.3	241.3	224	224	224	217.8	217.8	217.8	208.6	208.6	208.6
Ca, g/kg	10.9	10.9	10.9	10.7	10.7	10.7	10.6	10.6	10.6	9.5	9.5	9.5
Available P, g/kg	5.1	5.1	5.1	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.5	4.5	4.5
Arg, g/kg	15	15	15	14	14	14	13.6	13.6	13.6	14.5	14.5	14.5
Lys, g/kg	14.8	14.8	14.8	13.9	13.9	13.9	13.4	13.4	13.4	13	13	13
Met, g/kg	7.1	7.1	7.1	6.7	6.7	6.7	16.4	16.4	16.4	6.2	6.2	6.2
Met + Cys, g/kg	11.1	11.1	11.1	10.4	10.4	10.4	10	10	10	9.7	9.7	9.7
Dietary Cation-Anion Balance	250	250	250	250	250	250	250	250	250	250	250	250

Note: A: ME levels (A₁:13.18; A₂: 12.34; A₃: 11.93; A₄: 11.51 all as MJ/kg); B: enzyme inclusion rate (B₁: 0; B₂: 250; B₃: 500 all as mg/kg); ^aMineral premix provided per kilogram of diet: Mn, 55 mg; Zn, 50 mg; Fe, 80 mg; Cu, 5 mg; Se, 0.1 mg; I, 0.36 mg; Na, 1.6 g. Vitamin premix provided per kilogram of diet: vitamin A, 8250 IU; vitamin D3, 1000 IU; vitamin E, 11 IU; vitamin B12, 0.012 mg; vitamin K, 1.1 mg; niacin, 53 mg; choline, 1020 mg; folic acid, 0.75 mg; biotin, 0.25 mg; riboflavin, 5.5 mg.

Table 2. Composition of experimental diets for grower phase.

	Treatments
Diet	T1 (A1B1)	T2 (A1B2)	T3 (A1B3)	T4 (A2B1)	T5 (A2B2)	T6 (A2B3)	T7 (A3B1)	T8 (A3B2)	T9 (A3B3)	T10 (A4B1)	T11 (A4B2)	T12 (A4B3)
Corn	589.2	589.2	589.2	590	590	590	590	590	590	590	590	590
Wheat bran	20	20	20	40	40	40	40	40	40	40	40	40
Soybean meal	290	290	290	290	290	290	290	290	290	290	290	290
Corn gluten meal	36.8	36.8	36.8	24	24	24	14.5	14.5	14.5	7.2	7.2	7.2
Canola meal	17.2	17.2	17.2	8.4	8.4	8.4	5.1	5.1	5.1	1.7	1.7	1.7
Soybean oil	1.4	1.4	1.4	5.4	5.4	5.4	18.8	18.8	18.8	25	25	25
Dicalcium phosphate	16.7	16.7	16.7	15.1	15.1	15.1	14.1	14.1	14.1	19.7	19.7	19.7
NaHCO3	4	4	4	4	4	4	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.9	3.9	3.9
CaCO3	15	15	15	15	15	15	15	15	15	15	15	15
Salt	4.2	4.2	4.2	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
L-lysine	2.5	2.5	2.5	2	2	2	2	2	2	1.3	1.3	1.3
DL-methionine	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.1	2.1	2.1
L-threonine	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1
Premix^a	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
Enzyme, mg/kg of diet	–	250	500	–	250	500	–	250	500	–	250	500
Calculated nutrient
ME, MJ/kg	13.18	13.18	13.18	12.34	12.34	12.34	11.93	11.93	11.93	11.51	11.51	11.51
CP, g/kg	215	215	215	206	206	206	199	199	199	192	192	192
Ca, g/kg	10.4	10.4	10.4	10	10	10	9.8	9.8	9.8	11	11	11
Available P, g/kg	4.5	4.5	4.5	4.2	4.2	4.2	4	4	4	5	5	5
Arg, g/kg	12.7	12.7	12.7	12.8	12.8	12.8	13.7	13.7	13.7	14.1	14.1	14.1
Lys, g/kg	12.6	12.6	12.6	11.9	11.9	11.9	11.7	11.7	11.7	10.9	10.9	10.9
Met, g/kg	6	6	6	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.1	5.1	5.1
Met + Cys, g/kg	9.6	9.6	9.6	9	9	9	8.9	8.9	8.9	8.3	8.3	8.3
Dietary Cation-Anion Balance	250	250	250	250	250	250	250	250	250	250	250	250

Note: A: ME levels (A₁:13.18; A₂: 12.34; A₃: 11.93; A₄: 11.51 all as MJ/kg); B: enzyme inclusion rate (B₁: 0; B₂: 250; B₃: 500 all as mg/kg); ^aMineral premix provided per kilogram of diet: Mn, 55 mg; Zn, 50 mg; Fe, 80 mg; Cu, 5 mg; Se, 0.1 mg; I, 0.36 mg; Na, 1.6 g. Vitamin premix provided per kilogram of diet: vitamin A, 8250 IU; vitamin D3, 1000 IU; vitamin E, 11 IU; vitamin B12, 0.012 mg; vitamin K, 1.1 mg; niacin, 53 mg; choline, 1020 mg; folic acid, 0.75 mg; biotin, 0.25 mg; riboflavin, 5.5 mg.

Table 3. Composition of experimental diets for finisher phase.

	Treatments
Diet	T1 (A1B1)	T2 (A1B2)	T3 (A1B3)	T4 (A2B1)	T5 (A2B2)	T6 (A2B3)	T7 (A3B1)	T8 (A3B2)	T9 (A3B3)	T10 (A4B1)	T11 (A4B2)	T12 (A4B3)
Corn	590	590	590	590	590	590	590	590	590	590	590	590
Wheat bran	30	30	30	40	40	40	46	46	46	43	43	43
Soybean meal	290	290	290	290	290	290	278.3	278.3	278.3	258.1	258.1	258.1
Corn gluten meal	19.9	19.9	19.9	1.5	1.5	1.5	–	–	–	5.9	5.9	5.9
Canola meal	19.7	19.7	19.7	12.6	12.6	12.6	8.7	8.7	8.7	–	–	–
Soybean oil	7.5	7.5	7.5	25.3	25.3	25.3	30	30	30	25	25	25
Dicalcium phosphate	14.7	14.7	14.7	13.4	13.4	13.4	19.5	19.5	19.5	20	20	20
NaHCO3	4	4	4	3.9	3.9	3.9	4	4	4	4	4	4
CaCO3	15	15	15	15	15	15	15	15	15	15	15	15
Salt	4.2	4.2	4.2	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
L-lysine	2.5	2.5	2.5	2	2	2	2	2	2	1.3	1.3	1.3
DL-methionine	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.5	2.5	2.5	3.7	3.7	3.7
L-threonine	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Premix^a	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
Enzyme, mg/kg of diet	-	250	500	-	250	500	-	250	500	-	250	500
Calculated nutrient
ME, MJ/kg	13.18	13.18	13.18	12.34	12.34	12.34	11.93	11.93	11.93	11.51	11.51	11.51
CP, g/kg	206.7	206.7	206.7	193.5	193.5	193.5	187	187	187	180.4	180.4	180.4
Ca, g/kg	10	10	10	9.7	9.7	9.7	11	11	11	11	11	11
Available P, g/kg	4.1	4.1	4.1	3.8	3.8	3.8	4.9	4.9	4.9	5	5	5
Arg, g/kg	13	13	13	14.2	14.2	14.2	14.2	14.2	14.2	13.2	13.2	13.2
Lys, g/kg	12.5	12.5	12.5	11.7	11.7	11.7	11.4	11.4	11.4	10.1	10.1	10.1
Met, g/kg	5.8	5.8	5.8	5.3	5.3	5.3	5.4	5.4	5.4	6.5	6.5	6.5
Met + Cys, g/kg	9.3	9.3	9.3	8.5	8.5	8.5	8.5	8.5	8.5	9.6	9.6	9.6
Dietary Cation-Anion Balance	251	251	251	250	250	250	246	246	246	238	238	238

Note: A: ME levels (A₁:13.18; A₂: 12.34; A₃: 11.93; A₄: 11.51 all as MJ/kg); B: enzyme inclusion rate (B₁: 0; B₂: 250; B₃: 500 all as mg/kg); ^aMineral premix provided per kilogram of diet: Mn, 55 mg; Zn, 50 mg; Fe, 80 mg; Cu, 5 mg; Se, 0.1 mg; I, 0.36 mg; Na, 1.6 g. Vitamin premix provided per kilogram of diet: vitamin A, 8250 IU; vitamin D3, 1000 IU; vitamin E, 11 IU; vitamin B12, 0.012 mg; vitamin K, 1.1 mg; niacin, 53 mg; choline, 1020 mg; folic acid, 0.75 mg; biotin, 0.25 mg; riboflavin, 5.5 mg.

Table 4. Effects of dietary treatments on FI, ADG and FCR of broilers in 10, 24 and 49 days of age.

Performance
	Feed intake (g/bird/day)			Average daily gain (g/bird/day)			Feed conversion ratio (g feed:g weight gain)
Diets	10	24	49	10	24	49	10	24	49
T1 (A1B1)	26.36 ± 1.15	54.54 ± 2.67	116.70^ab ± 2.98	21.02a ± 0.79	26.05 ± 1.48	58.02^ab ± 3.75	1.25^ab ± 0.06	2.13 ± 0.10	2.06^ab ± 0.13
T2 (A1B2)	27.61 ± 1.15	55.03 ± 2.67	113.70^ab ± 2.98	19.65^ab ± 0.79	27.92 ± 1.48	63.91a ± 3.75	1.40^ab ± 0.06	1.97 ± 0.10	1.78^b ± 0.13
T3 (A1B3)	27.38 ± 1.15	51.56 ± 2.67	121.40^a ± 2.98	19.72^ab ± 0.79	28.58 ± 1.48	61.90^ab ± 3.75	1.38^ab ± 0.06	1.82 ± 0.10	2.00^ab ± 0.13
T4 (A2B1)	24.23 ± 1.15	54.63 ± 2.67	110.30^ab ± 2.98	20.94^a ± 0.79	26.36 ± 1.48	51.24^ab ± 3.75	1.15^ab ± 0.06	2.07 ± 0.10	2.15^ab ± 0.13
T5 (A2B2)	24.78 ± 1.03	54.94 ± 2.39	112.70^ab ± 2.67	20.77^a ± 0.79	26.42 ± 1.32	57.68^ab ± 3.75	1.19^ab ± 0.06	2.09 ± 0.09	1.97^ab ± 0.11
T6 (A2B3)	25.22 ± 1.15	55.51 ± 2.67	112.00^ab ± 2.98	21.02^a ± 0.79	27.92 ± 1.48	54.20^ab ± 3.75	1.20^ab ± 0.06	1.99 ± 0.10	2.07^ab ± 0.13
T7 (A3B1)	22.95 ± 1.15	48.67 ± 2.67	115.40^ab ± 2.98	16.13^b ± 0.79	24.85 ± 1.48	50.87^ab ± 3.75	1.46^a ± 0.06	1.96 ± 0.10	2.28^ab ± 0.13
T8 (A3B2)	25.56 ± 1.15	46.78 ± 2.67	111.70^ab ± 2.98	20.00^ab ± 0.79	24.61 ± 1.48	54.73^ab ± 3.75	1.27^ab ± 0.06	1.90 ± 0.10	2.07^ab ± 0.13
T9 (A3B3)	22.84 ± 1.15	52.23 ± 2.67	114.60^ab ± 2.98	20.34^a ± 0.79	25.39 ± 1.48	53.31^ab ± 3.75	1.13^b ± 0.06	2.07 ± 0.10	2.16^ab ± 0.13
T10 (A4B1)	25.32 ± 1.15	50.05 ± 2.67	117.60^ab ± 2.98	20.66^a ± 0.79	24.38 ± 1.48	60.52^ab ± 3.75	1.23^ab ± 0.06	2.05 ± 0.10	1.96^ab ± 0.13
T11 (A4B2)	23.63 ± 1.33	51.62 ± 3.09	105.20^b ± 3.44	19.09^ab ± 0.79	23.05 ± 1.71	42.96^b ± 4.34	1.23^ab ± 0.06	2.23 ± 0.12	2.53^a ± 0.15
T12 (A4B3)	25.56 ± 1.15	52.21 ± 2.67	112.80^b ± 2.98	18.97^ab ± 0.79	25.60 ± 1.48	59.80^ab ± 3.75	1.35^ab ± 0.06	2.03 ± 0.10	1.89^ab ± 0.13
ME	NS	NS	**	*	NS	*	*	NS	NS
Enzyme	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
ME × Enzyme	NS	NS	NS	**	NS	*	*	NS	*

Note: Means with different superscripts on same row differ significantly (P < 0.05); Values are the mean ± SE of 4 replicate pens of 12 broilers per pen for each treatment; A: ME levels (A₁:13.18; A₂: 12.34; A₃: 11.93; A₄: 11.51 all as MJ/kg); B: enzyme inclusion rate (B₁: 0; B₂: 250; B₃: 500 all as mg/kg).

NS, not significant.

* P < 0.05; **P < 0.01.

Table 5. Effects of dietary treatments on live body weight and carcass composition (g) of broilers in 49 days of age.

Treatments*
Parameters	T1 (A1B1)	T2 (A1B2)	T3 (A1B3)	T4 (A2B1)	T5 (A2B2)	T6 (A2B3)	T7 (A3B1)	T8 (A3B2)	T9 (A3B3)	T10 (A4B1)	T11 (A4B2)	T12 (A4B3)	SE
Body weight	2406.3^ab	2281.3^abc	2462.5^a	2056.3^c	2293.8^abc	2050^c	2050^c	2212.5^c	2275^bc	2250^bc	1950^c	2281.3^abc	76.22
Breast	668.7^b (28.2)*	595^c (26.0)	695.4^a (27.7)	547^c (27.6)	615.7^c (26.8)	547.8^c (26.7)	551.5^c (26.9)	577.2^c (26.0)	614.7^bc (27.0)	621^c (27.6)	530^c (27.1)	629.6^c (27.6)	26.16 (26.1)
Thigh	597^ab (24.8)	576.7^abc (25.2)	608.7^a (24.7)	512.4^c (24.9)	573^bc (24.9)	510.2^c (24.8)	508.4^c (24.8)	569.1^c (25.7)	572.8^bc (25.1)	565.2^c (25.1)	491.2^c (25.1)	567.1^c (24.8)	20.81 (24.8)
Liver	63.8^abc (2.6)	68.7^a (3.0)	73.1^a (2.9)	53.3^c (2.5)	66.5^ab (2.9)	57.2^bc (2.7)	55.1^c (2.6)	52^c (2.3)	58.9^bc (2.5)	59.9^abc (2.6)	49.7^c (2.5)	67.3^ab (2.9)	3.21 (3.2)
Gizzard	63 (2.6)	58.9 (2.5)	61.8 (2.5)	51 (2.4)	52.1 (2.2)	53.3 (2.6)	57.6 (2.8)	52 (2.3)	50.7 (2.2)	56.7 (2.5)	48.9 (2.5)	50.6 (2.2)	3.24 (3.2)
Heart	10.6 (0.4)	10.7 (0.4)	11.6 (0.4)	9.9 (0.4)	13.5 (0.5)	11.9 (0.5)	12.3 (0.6)	11.8 (0.5)	13 (0.5)	11 (0.4)	9.9 (0.5)	11.9 (0.5)	0.68 (0.6)
Spleen	2.6 (0.1)	2.5 (0.1)	2.7 (0.1)	1.9 (0.1)	2.3 (0.1)	3.3 (0.1)	2.9 (0.1)	2.2 (0.1)	2.7 (0.1)	2.7 (0.1)	2.1 (0.1)	2.5 (0.1)	0.35 (0.3)
Bursa	1.7 (0.07)	1.4 (0.06)	1.5 (0.06)	2.3 (0.11)	2.1 (0.09)	1.6 (0.08)	1.4 (0.07)	1.3 (0.06)	1.8 (0.08)	2.7 (0.12)	1.6 (0.08)	1.8 (0.08)	0.3 (0.3)
Pancreas	6.7 (0.20)	5.2 (0.20)	5.4 (0.20)	4.5 (0.20)	5.5 (0.20)	5.1 (0.20)	5.7 (0.20)	4.9 (0.20)	5.7 (0.20)	6.8 (0.3)	4.3 (0.20)	5.7 (0.20)	0.52 (0.5)
Abdominal fat	25.7 (1.0)	29 (1.2)	26.1 (1.0)	28.2 (1.3)	29.4 (1.2)	27.3 (1.3)	31 (1.5)	26.8 (1.2)	30.5 (1.3)	32.6 (1.4)	32.6 (1.6)	32.9 (1.4)	2.0 (2.0)

Note: Means with different superscripts on same row differ significantly (P < 0.05); *Values in parenthesis are the percentage of carcass; A: ME levels (A₁:13.18; A₂: 12.34; A₃: 11.93; A₄: 11.51 all as MJ/kg); B: enzyme inclusion rate (B₁: 0; B₂: 250; B₃: 500 all as mg/kg).