The effect of estrus synchronization programmes on parturition time and some reproductive characteristics of Saanen goats

Figures & data

Figure 1. The length of kidding period of Saanen goats in estrus synchronization programmes. C = control (natural estrus), P = progesterone impregnated sponge, PP = progesterone impregnated sponge + PMSG. ^a,bP < .05.

Figure 2. Distribution of parturition in estrus synchronization programmes of Saanen goats throughout the day. C = control (natural estrus), P = progesterone impregnated sponges, PP = progesterone impregnated sponges + PMSG. ^a,bP < .05.

Table 1. Gestation, kidding, litter size, multiple and single birth rates and goat and kid mortality rates of Saanen goats in estrus synchronization programmes.

Traits	Treatments
	C	P	PP
Gestation rates (%)	38/50 (76.0)	66/80 (82.5)	64/80 (80.0)
Kidding rates (%)	60/50 (120.0)^b	102/80 (127.5)^b	130/80 (165.5)^a
Litter size	60/38 (1.58)^b	102/66 (1.55)^b	130/64 (2.03)^a
Multiple birth rates	18/38 (0.47)^b	32/66 (0.49)^b	46/64 (0.72)^a
Quadruplets birth rates	0/38 (0.00)^b	0/66 (0.00)^b	4/64 (0.06)^a
Triplets birth rates	4/38 (0.11)^b	10/66 (0.15)^b	16/64 (0.25)^a
Twins birth rates	14/38 (0.37)	22/66 (0.33)	26/64 (0.41)
Single birth rates	20/38 (0.53)^a	28/66 (0.42)^a	14/64 (0.22)^b
Goats mortality rates
Multiple birth	1/18 (0.05)	1/32 (0.03)	2/46 (0.04)
Single birth	0/20 (0.00)	0/28 (0.00)	0/14 (0.00)
Total	1/38 (0.03)	1/60 (0.02)	2/60 (0.03)
Kids mortality rates
Multiple birth	4/40 (0.10)^b	6/74 (0.08)^b	22/116(0.19)^a
Single birth	0/20 (0.00)	0/28 (0.00)	0/14 (0.00)
Total	4/60 (0.07)^b	6/102 (0.06)^b	22/130 (0.17)^a

^{a, b}Means in rows with different letters are significantly different at P < .05.

C = control (natural estrus), P = progesterone impregnated sponges, PP = progesterone impregnated sponges + PMSG.