Analysis of antioxidants and serum biochemical responses in goldfish under nickel exposure by sub-chronic test

Figures & data

Table 1. Lethal concentrations (LC1–99) of nickel (mean ± standard error) depending on time (24–96 h) for goldfish@@@.

Point	Concentration (ppm) (95% of confidence limits)
	24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
LC1	45.27 ± 2.07	34.31 ± 1.68	27.54 ± 1.42	24.21 ± 0.73
LC10	74.74 ± 2.07	52.28 ± 1.68	38.33 ± 1.42	32.83 ± 0.73
LC30	117.42 ± 2.07	100.4 ± 1.68	62.21 ± 1.42	55.59 ± 0.73
LC50	157.18 ± 2.07	126.58 ± 1.68	107.19 ± 1.42	95.39 ± 0.73
LC70	177.15 ± 2.07	149.61 ± 1.68	134.61 ± 1.42	117.11 ± 0.73
LC90	191.38 ± 2.07	162.53 ± 1.68	148.46 ± 1.42	138.35 ± 0.73
LC99	201.32 ± 2.07	179.53 ± 1.68	165.43 ± 1.42	151.23 ± 0.73

Figure 1. The activities of SOD, CAT and GPx in the liver of Carassius auratus with exposure to nickel sub-acute concentrations for 7 days. Values are mean ± SD of 10 fish. The significance level is p < .05.

Figure 2. The activities of the Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) enzyme in the plasma of Carassius auratus with exposure to nickel sub-acute concentrations for 7 days. Values are mean ± SD of 10 fish. The significance level is p < .05.

Figure 3. The activities of the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme in the plasma of Carassius auratus with exposure to nickel sub-acute concentrations for 7 days. Values are mean ± SD of 10 fish. The significance level is p < .05.

Figure 4. The activities of the Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzyme in the plasma of Carassius auratus with exposure to nickel sub-acute concentrations for 7 days. Values are mean ± SD of 10 fish. The significance level is p < .05.