Comparison of the effect of two phytogenic compounds on growth performance and immune response of broilers

Figures & data

Table 1. Composition and calculated nutrient composition of the basal diets (g/kg, as fed basis)

Item	Starter (d 0–10)	Grower (d 11–24)	Finisher (d 25–42)
Ingredient
Corn	533.10	561.50	596.10
Soybean meal, 44% CP	392.60	357.20	319.00
Soybean oil	28.30	41.60	47.30
Dicalcium phosphate	20.00	17.80	16.80
Calcium carbonate	11.80	9.50	9.30
Common salt	3.60	2.90	3.00
l-Lysine HCl, 78%	1.80	0.80	0.40
dl-Methionine, 98%	3.00	2.40	2.00
l-Threonine, 99%	0.80	0.30	0.10
Vitamin premix^a	2.50	2.50	2.50
Mineral premix^b	2.50	2.50	2.50
Sodium bicarbonate	0.00	1.00	1.00
Total	1000	1000	1000
Calculated composition
Metabolizable energy, kcal/kg	2870	3000	3080
Crude protein, g/kg	218.20	204.80	190.60
Digestible lysine, g/kg	12.00	10.50	9.30
Digestible methionine, g/kg	6.00	5.20	4.70
Digestible methionine + cystine, g/kg	8.90	8.00	7.30
Digestible threonine, g/kg	7.90	7.00	6.30
Calcium, g/kg	10.00	8.60	8.20
Available phosphorus, g/kg	4.70	4.30	4.00
Total phosphorus, g/kg	7.50	7.00	6.70
Sodium, g/kg	1.60	1.60	1.60
Potassium, g/kg	9.10	8.50	7.90
Chloride, g/kg	2.90	2.30	2.30
DEB^c, meq/kg	221	222	207

^aVitamin premix provided the following per kilogram of diet: vitamin A (trans-retinyl acetate), 10,000 IU; vitamin D₃ (cholecalciferol), 5000 IU; vitamin E (dl-α-tocopherol acetate), 50 IU; vitamin K₃ (bisulphate menadione complex), 3 mg; thiamine (thiamine mononitrate), 3 mg; riboflavin, 9 mg; nicotinic acid, 50 mg; pantothenic acid (d-calcium pantothenate), 15 mg; vitamin B₆, 4 mg; d-biotin, 0.1 mg; folic acid, 2 mg; vitamin B₁₂ (cyanocobalamin), 0.02 mg and choline (choline chloride), 1000 mg.

^bMineral premix provided the following per kilogram of diet: iron (FeSO₄·7H₂O), 55 mg; iodine (Ca (IO₃)₂), 1.3 mg; manganese (MnSO₄·H₂O), 120 mg; zinc (ZnO), 100 mg; copper (CuSO₄·5H₂O), 16 mg; selenium (Na₂SeO₃), 0.3 mg.

^cDEB = dietary electrolyte balance; Na + K-Cl.

Table 2. Effects of dietary oregano essential oil and the phytogenic blend on average daily body weight gain (BWG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) from 1 to 21 d of age.

Item	1–7 d			8–14 d			15–21 d
	BWG, g/d	ADFI, g/d	FCR, g/g	BWG, g/d	ADFI, g/d	FCR, g/g	BWG, g/d	ADFI, g/d	FCR, g/g
Control	18.9	27.0	1.43	34.9	56.7	1.62	54.7	91.8	1.68
CBP^a	18.4	26.1	1.42	32.0	52.6	1.65	52.7	87.9	1.68
OEO^b 300	18.0	26.0	1.45	32.2	50.3	1.56	53.0	85.1	1.61
OEO 500	18.3	26.4	1.44	33.8	52.5	1.55	55.8	89.0	1.60
SEM^c, (n = 5)	0.47	0.57	0.018	1.23	1.62	0.034	1.71	1.95	0.033
P-value	0.610	0.615	0.606	0.293	0.078	0.154	0.573	0.148	0.188

^aCommercial blend of phytogenic.

^bOregano essential oil.

^cStandard error of mean.

Table 3. Effects of dietary oregano essential oil and the phytogenic blend on average daily body weight gain (BWG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) from 22 to 42 d of age.

Item	22–28 d			29–35 d			36–42 d
	BWG, g/d	ADFI, g/d	FCR, g/g	BWG, g/d	ADFI, g/d	FCR, g/g	BWG, g/d	ADFI, g/d	FCR, g/g
Control	74.4^a	129.5^ab	1.74	94.6	183.1	1.94^a	100.7	219.7	2.18
CBP^c	69.2^ab	122.8^b	1.78	94.3	169.0	1.79^b	103.9	212.2	2.06
OEO^d 300	74.4^a	131.9^a	1.77	99.9	180.1	1.80^b	111.9	226.1	2.02
OEO 500	67.7^b	122.1^b	1.80	95.9	174.9	1.82^b	106.8	219.7	2.06
SEM^e, (n = 5)	1.76	2.50	0.029	1.48	3.61	0.035	3.28	4.38	0.049
P-value	.029	.032	.548	.058	.065	.043	.140	.205	.156

^abMeans within a column with different superscripts are significantly different (P < .05).

^cCommercial blend of phytogenic.

^dOregano essential oil.

^eStandard error of mean.

Table 4. Effects of dietary oregano essential oil and the phytogenic blend on average daily body weight gain (BWG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and European production efficiency factor (EPEF) from 1 to 42 d of age.

Item	1–21 d			22–42 d			1–42 d			EPEF
	BWG, g/d	ADFI, g/d	FCR, g/g	BWG, g/d	ADFI, g/d	FCR, g/g	BWG, g/d	ADFI, g/d	FCR, g/g
Control	36.2	58.5^a	1.62	89.4^b	175.0^a	1.96	62.1	115.3^a	1.86	362.2^b
CBP^c	34.3	55.6^ab	1.62	88.4^b	165.8^b	1.88	60.7	109.2^b	1.81	370.3^b
OEO^d 300	34.4	53.8^b	1.57	94.6^a	177.1^a	1.87	63.8	113.9^ab	1.79	398.0^a
OEO 500	36.0	56.0^ab	1.56	89.2^b	169.9^ab	1.90	62.0	111.5^ab	1.80	377.9^ab
SEM^e, (n = 5)	0.66	0.98	0.019	1.28	2.44	0.027	0.76	1.46	0.019	7.73
P-value	.125	.029	.060	.014	.020	.120	.079	.048	.080	.022

^abMeans within a column with different superscripts are significantly different (P < .05).

^cCommercial blend of phytogenic.

^dOregano essential oil.

^eStandard error of mean.

Table 5. Effects of dietary oregano essential oil and the phytogenic blend on antibody production (log₂).

Item	Primary (35 d of age)			Secondary (42 d of age)
	Total antibody	IgG	IgM	Total antibody	IgG	IgM
Control	3.21	1.84	1.43	3.42^c	2.01^b	1.42
CBP^d	2.83	1.82	1.01	3.63^bc	2.41^b	1.22
OEO^e 300	4.01	2.43	1.62	5.03^a	3.63^a	1.41
OEO 500	3.42	2.01	1.43	4.42^ab	2.82^ab	1.63
SEM^f, (n = 10)	0.631	0.424	0.282	0.312	0.374	0.232
P-value	.179	.442	.277	.007	.046	.698

^a–cMeans within a column with different superscripts are significantly different (P < .05).

^dCommercial blend of phytogenic.

^eOregano essential oil.

^fStandard error of mean.

Table 6. Effects of dietary oregano essential oil and the phytogenic blend on hematological parameters at 42 d of age.

Item	Hematocrit	WBC^c	Heterophil	Lymphocyte	Monocyte	Het^d/Lym
Control	32.9	41775	38.4^a	61.2	2.75	0.66^a
CBP^e	31.1	45125	28.0^b	71.0	2.25	0.40^b
OEO^f 300	30.7	43875	28.0^b	69.1	2.60	0.41^b
OEO 500	31.2	42625	33.4^ab	62.0	1.80	0.54^ab
SEM^g, (n = 10)	1.07	2626.3	1.77	2.89	0.379	0.055
P-value	.481	.817	.002	.060	.328	.012

^abMeans within a column with different superscripts are significantly different (P < .05).

^cWBC = white blood cell.

^dHet/Lym = heterophil to lymphocyte ratio.

^eCommercial blend of phytogenic.

^fOregano essential oil.

^gStandard error of mean.