Effect of dietary zinc-methionine supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization, antioxidative properties and immune response in broiler chickens under high ambient temperature

Figures & data

Table 1. Ingredients and nutrient composition of the basal diet.

Ingredients	Starter	Grower	Finisher
	0–2 week	2–5 week	5–6 week
Yellow corn	54.9	64.705	67.545
Soybean meal, 44%	35.8	25	20
Corn gluten meal, 62%	3.495	5	6.35
Vitamin-mineral premix^a	0.3	0.3	0.3
Soy bean oil	2.3	1.5	2.5
Dicalcium phosphate	1.3	1.4	1.4
limestone	1.1	1.1	1
Salt	0.35	0.35	0.35
l-Lysine	0.17	.31	0.3
dl-Methionine	0.25	0.23	0.15
l-Threonine	0.03	0.1	0.1
Phytase enzyme	0.005	0.005	0.005
Total	100	100	100
Calculated composition
Crude Protein (%)	22.5	19.5	18.3
ME (kcal/kg)	3035	3080	3180
Crude fibre (%)	3.94	3.38	3.1
Ether extract (%)	4.88	4.31	5.3
Calcium (%)	0.84	0.82	0.77
Available phosphorus (%)	0.45	0.43	0.41

^aEach 3 kg of vitamin-mineral premix contain: 6,000,000 IU vit A, 900,000 IU vit D₃, 40,000 mg vit E, 2000 mg vit K, 2000 mg vit.B1, 4000 mg vit B2, 2000 mg vit B6, 10 mg vit B12, 50000 mg Niacin, 10,000 mg pantothenic acid, 50 mg Biotin, 3000 mg Folic acid, 250,000 mg choline, 8500 mg Mn, 50,000 mg Fe, 50,000 mg Cu, 200 mg I, 100 mg Se and 100 mg Co.

Table 2. Effect of dietary zinc-methionine supplementation on growth performance in broilers under high ambient temperature.

	Zinc-methionine				SEM	p-Value
	G0	G1	G2	G3
BW0 (g)	54	53	54	53	0.825	NS
BWS (g)	2045^b	2145^b	2215^a	2205^ab	85	p < .05
ADG (g/day)	47.60^b	49.81^ab	51.45^a	51.24^a	4.6	p < .05
FI (g/42 day)	3802^a	3765^ab	3673^b	3679^b	88	p < .05
FCR	1.91^a	1.80^b	1.70^c	1.71^c	1.352	p < .01
BMW (% of BW)	23.4^b	24.6^b	28.1^a	27.1^a	0.85	p < .05
Liver (% of BW)	3.14	3.59	3.34	3.17	0.25	NS
Abdominal fat (% of BW)	1.75^a	1.73^a	1.38^b	1.44^b	0.137	p < .05

Notes: G0: Control group (without Zn supplementation); G1: Basel diet supplemented with 25 mg/kg; G2: Basel diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg; G3: Basel diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg; BW0: body weight at one day of age; BWS: body weight at slaughter; ADGG: average daily gain during the experiment; FI: total feed intake; FCR: feed conversion ratio; BMW: breast muscle weight. a–c represents means within the same row with different superscripts differ (p < .05).

Figure 1. Effect of feeding Zinc-methionine supplementation on dry matter digestibility (A) and crude protein utilization (B). Values are means represented by vertical bars. a,b: mean values with unlike letters were significantly different (p < .05).

Table 3. Effect of dietary zinc-methionine supplementation on fatty acids profile in breast muscle in broilers.

	Zinc-methionine				SEM	p-Value
	G0	G1	G2	G3
Palmitic acid C16:0 (%)	33.2^a	29.29^ab	25.92^b	28.04^b	3.25	p < .05
Palmitoleic acid C16:1ω9 (%)	4.23^a	4.04^ab	3.83^b	3.23^b	0.42	p < .05
Stearic acid C18:0 (%)	10.7^a	9.7^a	8.7^b	8.4^b	0.825	p < .05
Oleic acid C18:1 ω9 (%)	38.6^b	41.6^a	43.4^a	42.8^a	4.305	p < .05
Vaccenic acid C18:1 ω7 (%)	2.4^b	2.6^b	3.4^a	3.9^a	0.18	p < .05
Linoleic acid C18:2 ω6 (%)	9.9^c	11.9^b	13.8^a	12.7^a	0.48	p < .01
Non-identified fatty acids (%)	0.97	0.87	0.95	0.93	0.018	NS

Notes: G0: Control group (without Zn supplementation); G1: Basel diet supplemented with 25 mg/kg; G2: Basel diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg; G3: Basel diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg; a–c represents means within the same row with different superscripts differ (p < .05).

Figure 2. Effect of feeding zinc-methionine supplementation on plasma GSH-Px (A), muscle MDA (B) and muscle Zn concentration (C). Values are means represented by vertical bar. a,b,c,d: mean values with unlike letters were significantly different (p < .05).

Table 4. Effect of dietary zinc-methionine supplementation on blood plasma biochemical constituents.

	Zinc-methionine				SEM	p-Value
	G0	G1	G2	G3
Plasma TAG (mg/dL)	33^a	27^b	25^b	26^b	3	p < .05
Plasma total protein (mg/dL)	3.89	3.87	3.91	3.96	0.25	NS
Plasma albumin (mg/dL)	1.25	1.28	1.31	1.33	0.06	NS
Plasma globulin (mg/dL)	2.62	2.56	2.59	2.61	0.062	NS
Plasma albumin/globulin ratio	0.48	0.50	0.51	0.51	0.025	NS
Plasma glucose (mg/dL)	211	199	198	201	25	NS
Plasma GOT (U/I)	222	219	218	216	27	NS
Plasma total cholesterol (mg/dL)	146^a	129^b	126^b	128^b	7	p < .05
Plasma HDL (mg/dL)	99	101	105	104	7	NS

Notes: G0: Control group (without Zn supplementation); G1: Basel diet supplemented with 25 mg/kg; G2: Basel diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg; G3: Basel diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg; a–c represents means within the same row with different superscripts differ (p < .05).

Table 5. Effect of dietray Zinc-methionine supplementation on antibody titre against Newcastle disease (ND), Proflok infectious bursal disease (IBD) and Avian Influenza (H9N1) virus in broilers under high ambient temperature.

	Zinc-methionine				SEM	p-Value
	G0	G1	G2	G3
ND	1.83^b	2.41^ab	2.66^ab	2.94^a	0.6	p < .05
Proflok IBD	2.81^b	2.89^b .3	3.36^ab	3.97^a	0.405	p < .05
H9N1	1.26	1.33	1.35	1.36	0.04	NS

Notes: G0: Control group (without Zn supplementation); G1: Basel diet supplemented with 25 mg/kg; G2: Basel diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg; G3: Basel diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg; a–c represents means within the same row with different superscripts differ (p < .05).