Influence of methodology on the measurement of ileal endogenous calcium losses in broiler chickens

Figures & data

Table 1. Ingredient composition and analysis (g/kg as-fed basis) of experimental diets.

	Calcium and phosphorus free	Maize gluten meal	Dried egg albumen
Dextrose	928.7	728.7	728.7
Maize gluten meal^1	-	200.0	-
Dried egg albumen^1	-	-	200.0
Cellulose^2	40.0	40.0	40.0
Soybean oil	20.0	20.0	20.0
Sodium chloride	4.0	4.0	4.0
Sodium bicarbonate	2.0	2.0	2.0
Titanium dioxide	3.0	3.0	3.0
Trace mineral-vitamin premix^3	2.3	2.3	2.3
Calculated analysis
Metabolisable energy (MJ/kg)	15.3	15.3	15.3
Crude protein	-	12.4	16.48
Calcium	-	0.06	0.18
Total phosphorus	-	1.0	0.18
Non-phytate phosphorus	-	0.28	0.18
Analysed values
Calcium	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1
Phosphorus^4	0.1	-	0.3

¹Davis Food Ingredients, Petone, New Zealand.

²Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan.

³Supplied per kilogram of diet: vitamin A, 12,000 IU; cholecalciferol, 4,000 IU; thiamine, 3 mg; riboflavin, 9 mg; pyridoxine, 10 mg; folic acid, 3 mg; biotin, 0.25 mg; cyanocobalamin, 0.02 mg; dl-α-tochopherol acetate, 80 mg; niacin, 60 mg; Ca-D pentothenate, 15 mg; menadione, 4 mg; choline chloride, 600 mg; Co, 0.25 mg; I, 1.5 mg; Mo, 0.25 mg; Se, 0.26 mg; Mn, 100 mg; Cu, 10 mg; Zn, 80 mg; Fe, 60 mg; antioxidant, 100 mg.

⁴ Dietary phosphorus concentration of maize gluten meal based diet was not analysed and used for ileal endogenous P losses determination, as it was calculated to contain 1.0 g/kg total P (NRC 1994 was used as a reference for P concentration in maize gluten meal).

Table 2. Body weight gain and feed intake (g/bird/day) of the birds fed the three experimental diets (26-28 days of age)¹.

	Body weight gain	Feed intake
Ca and P-free diet	−36^c	47^c
Maize gluten meal diet	−15^b	62^b
Dried egg albumen diet	25^a	79^a
SEM^2	4.13	3.20
Probability, P ≤	0.001	0.001

^{a, b, c} Values with a different superscript within a column differ significantly (P < 0.05).

¹ Each value represents the mean of six replicates (six birds per replicate).

² Pooled standard error of mean.

Table 3. Ileal endogenous calcium and phosphorus losses (mg/kg dry matter intake) in broilers¹

	Ileal endogenous calcium losses	Ileal endogenous phosphorus losses
Ca and P-free diet	125^a	133
Maize gluten meal diet	77^b	-
Dried egg albumen diet	46^c	110
SEM^2	10.26	12.31
Probability, P ≤	0.001	0.21

^{a, b, c} Values with a different superscript within a column differ significantly (P < 0.05).

¹ Each value represents the mean of six replicates (six birds per replicate).

² Pooled standard error of mean.

NRC. 1994. Nutrient requirements of poultry. 9th rev. ed. Washington DC: National Research council. National Academies Press.

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