Efficacy of sodium bicarbonate (Baking soda) and clove powder (Syzygium aromaticum) as anaesthetic agents for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, linnaeus 1758) juveniles

Figures & data

Figure 1. Map of Chongwe District showing Kriskon Farms.

Table 1. Different stages of anaesthesia for Nile Tilapia (O. niloticus).

Stage: Description of stage (induction)*

I. Loss of equilibrium.

II. Loss of gross body movements but continued opercula movement.

III. Same as stage II but opercula movement ceases.

Stages: Description of stage (recovery)*

I. No body movements but opercula movements start.

II. Regular opercula movements and body movements start.

III. Equilibrium regained with the pre-anaesthetic appearance.

*Adapted from Githukia et al. (2016) and Hasimuna et al. (2020a).

Figure 2. Anaesthetic effects of baking soda on the induction time of O. niloticus (different letters on the same anaesthetic stage show significant differences in induction time).

Figure 3. Anaesthetic effects of baking soda on the recovery time of O. niloticus (different letters on the same anaesthetic stage show significant differences in recovery time).

Figure 4. Anaesthetic effects of clove powder on induction times of O. niloticus (different letters on the same anaesthetic stage show significant differences in induction time).

Figure 5. Anaesthetic effects of clove powder on the recovery time of O. niloticus (different letters on the same anaesthetic stage show significant differences in recovery time).

Githukia CM, Kembenya EM, Opiyo MA. 2016. Anaesthetic effects of sodium bicarbonate at different concentrations on African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) juveniles. J Aquacult Eng Fish Res. 2(3):151–158. doi:10.3153/JAEFR16017.

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Hasimuna OJ, Monde C, Mweemba M, Nsonga A. 2020a. The anaesthetic effects of sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) on greenhead tilapia (Oreochromis macrochir, Boulenger 1912) broodstock. Egypt J Aquat Res. 46:195–199. doi:10.1016/j.ejar.2019.12.004.

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Data availability statement

The data used to support the findings and conclusions of this study are contained in this article.