Effects of Qaxxee (Hermosa sidoides) and Dheekaa (Grewia tembensis) foliage supplementation on milk yield and milk quality of Somali goats fed a crop-residue-based diet

Figures & data

Figure 1. Map of the study area.

Table 1. Chemical composition of treatment feed.

	Proximate composition of offered feed (%)
Types of feed sample		Feed offers
	DM	ASH	CP	NDF	ADF	ADL
Hermosa sidoides	90.09	4.98	28.07	40.08	18.09	5.59
Grewia tembensis	90.84	3.35	27.7	47.1	21.91	4.57
Hermosa &Grewia	91.99	2.71	26.1	54.7	21.74	6.8
CMZstover	85.64	3.69	6	78.02	40.8	10.1
Concentrate	91.42	4.7	20.9	41.9	6.36	3.07

CMZ stover; concentrate and chopped maize stove; DM-Dry matter, CP – Crude protein, NDF-Neutrent detergent fibre, ADF-Acid detergent fibre, ADL-Acid detergent lignin. T1(600 g Hermosa sidoides, 200 g concentrate and chopped maize stover); T2(600 g Grewia tembensis, 200 g concentrate and chopped maize stove); T3(300 g Hermosa sidoides + 300 g Grewia tembensis, 200gconcentrate and chopped maizestove).

Table 2. Descriptive data of daily and total nutrient intake per dry matter basis.

Treatments	BDMI	CDMI	TDMI	TCPI	TNDFI	TADFI	TADLI	TashI
T1	530g	210g	838g	203g	519g	262g	140g	40g
T2	510g	220g	833g	193g	456g	191g	30g	30g
T3	480g	240g	828g	181g	491g	212g	130g	30g

TDMI-Total dry matter intake, TCPI-total crude protein intake, TASHI-total ash intake, TNDFI-total nitrogen detergent fibre intake TADFI-, total acid detergent fibre intake, TADL-total acid detergent lignin intake, SDMI stover dry matter intake, BDMI-browses dry matter intake; T1(600 g Hermosa sidoides, 200 g concentrate and chopped maize stover); T2(600 g Grewia tembensis, 200 g concentrate and chopped maize stove); T3(300 g Hermosa sidoides + 300 g Grewia tembensis, 200gconcentrate and chopped maizestove)

Table 3. The mean average of ten days interval daily milk yield (kg) of Somali goats at (p < 0.05).

Treatments (±SD)
Days in milk	T1	T2	T3	CV	P-Value
10^th	0.79 ± 0.09^a	0.66 ± 0.08^b	0.65 ± 0.05^c	11.6	0.03
20^th	0.66 ± 0.07	0.58 ± 0.08	0.58 ± 0.06	12.3	0.19
30^th	0.85 ± 0.12	0.73 ± 0.10	0.79 ± 0.04	8.67	0.17
40th	1.01 ± 0.10	0.88 ± 0.07	0.96 ± 0.04	4.96	0.08
50th	1.03 ± 0.07^a	0.93 ± 0.01^b	0.96 ± 0.03^c	4.53	0.01
60^th	1.06 ± 0.04^a	1.02 ± 0.05^b	0.95 ± 0.04^c	4.2	0.008
70th	1.05 ± 0.03^a	0.92 ± 0.04c	1.01 ± 0.04^b	4.2	0.001
80th	0.99 ± 0.05^a	0.92 ± 0.03^c	0.97 ± 0.04^b	4.2	0.03
90^th	0.65 ± 0.05	0.59 ± 0.05	0.60 ± 0.05	8.7	0.17
ADMY	0.91 ± 0.05^a	0.82 ± 0.03^c	0.84 ± 0.02^b	4.41	0.004

a,b,c,-different superscript in the same column indicate different mean, T₁-Hermosa sidoides + concentrate mix basal feed,T_{2 –} Grewia tembensis + concentrate mix + basalfeed, T_3-mixture of two browse concentrate mix + basalfeed feed, CV-coefficient of variancevariance, ADMY – average daily milk yield,

Table 4. Mean Milk chemical composition of Somali goats (%±SD).

Trt			Variable%
	Period	Fat	Lactose	SNF	Protein	pH	Ash	FP
T1	3	3.08 ± 0.45	4.48 ± 0.03	8.86 ± 0.10	3.47 ± 0.18	6.97	0.8	−0.66
T2	3	3.64 ± 0.33	4.44 ± 0.11	8.80 ± 0.11	3.55 ± 0.14	6.93	0.8	−0.66
T3	3	3.59 ± 0.32	4.51 ± 0.07	8.84 ± 0.03	3.45 ± 0.10	6.84	0.8	−0.64
CV		10.92	1.79	1.07	4.2	1.42	2.8	−1.74
P-value		0.21	0.59	0.76	0.69	0.32	0.9	0.12

Trt, treatment; SNF; solid nonfat, period, month of the study; T1,ration contain Hermosa sidoides + concentrate mixture & basal feed; T₂, ration contain Grewia tembensis, concentrate mixture + basalfeed; T₃, ration contain mixture of (Harmisa and Grewia), concentrate mixture, basal feed.

Table 5. Period effect on Milk chemical composition of Somali goats (%±SD).

Trt	Period	Fat	Density	Lactose	SNF	Protein	pH	Ash	FP
T1	1	3.20 ± 0.22	33.75 ± 5.78	4.51 ± 0.14	8.83 ± 0.22	3.37 ± 0.15	6.8	0.78	−0.65
T2	1	3.67 ± 0.64	34.09 ± 1.33	4.51 ± 0.18	8.91 ± 0.25	3.49 ± 0.07	6.67	0.81	−0.67
T3	1	3.28 ± 0.36	35.0 ± 2.34	4.48 ± 0.17	8.74 ± 0.17	3.42 ± 0.16	6.7	0.8	−0.66
P-value		0.74	0.8	0.7	0.88	0.14	0.43	0.33	0.42
T1	2	3.37 ± 0.20	34.05 ± 1.5	4.55 ± 0.14	9.01 ± 0.18	3.57 ± 0.2	6.76	0.84	−0.67
T2	2	3.66 ± 0.4	35.82 ± 1.3	4.58 ± 0.12	8.98 ± 0.37	3.74 ± 0.11	6.9	0.83	−0.66
T3	2	3.83 ± 0.28	35.8 ± 1.5	4.51 ± 0.16	8.90 ± 0.26	3.52 ± 0.26	6.87	0.82	−0.66
P-value		0.24	0.85	0.99	0.49	0.12	0.79	0.31	0.49
T1	3	3.96 ± 0.52	31.11 ± 5.33	4.48 ± 0.24	8.87 ± 0.41	3.34 ± 0.16	6.67	0.77	−0.65
T2	3	4.12 ± 0.70	32.58 ± 3.08	4.44 ± 0.20	8.77 ± 0.24	3.71 ± 0.15	6.8	0.8	−0.69
T3	3	3.85 ± 0.49	32.8 ± 2.06	4.36 ± 0.27	8.77 ± 0.43	3.39 ± 0.30	6.69	0.79	−0.65
P-value		0.11	0.36	0.78	0.81	0.26	0.33	0.65	o.28

Trt, feed treatment; FP, freezing points, P – probability (P > 0.05) value; Period, month of each experiment.