Quantification of the openness of urban external space through urban section

Figures & data

Figure 1. Distributed calculating points within a demonstration sample

Figure 2. Final calculation model and the points

Figure 3. The 8 section lines of one calculating point

Figure 4. Diagram to calculate HWR

Figure 5. Outlining the external space with high openness at a calculating point

Table 1. Related indicators

Area	Plot ratio	Building density	Average building height (m)
Xinjiekou	2.522	0.304	24.880
Hexi	1.280	0.137	28.064
Chengnan	1.443	0.271	15.981
Jiangning	1.383	0.234	17.722

Figure 6. Selected research areas in Nanjing

Figure 7. Plan of selected study areas. (a) Xinjiekou. (b) Hexi. (c) Chengnan. (d) Jiangning

Figure 8. External spaces with high openness of the study area. (a) Xinjiekou. (b) Hexi. (c) Chengnan. (d) Jiangning

Table 2. Calculation results for the external space with high openness

Name	Area (m^2)	Proportion
Xinjiekou	1,705,837	0.1895
Hexi	5,877,900	0.6531
Chengnan	3,329,803	0.3699
Jiangning	3,640,725	0.4045

Figure 9. Plan of green areas and water of the study area

Figure 10. Results with different values of T and FD.

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available on reasonable request from the corresponding author.