Club governance and legitimacy: The perspective of old and rising powers on the G7 and the G20

Figures & data

Table 1. Four categories of legitimacy criteria.

	Democracy-based	Non-democracy-related
Input	– Popular sovereignty – Participation – Deliberation – Transparency – Accountability – Legality – Credibility – Demos/community	– (charismatic) leadership – Expertocratic leadership – Religious authority – Traditional processes – Moderation – Capability/agency – Seriousness
Output	– Protection of democratic rights/human rights – Reversibility – Democratic empowerment – Contribution to public good	– Effectiveness – Efficiency – Distributive justice – Contribution to stability – Contribution to identity – Contribution to morality – Sovereignty/power – Good international standing – Innovation – Relevancy/good agenda

Source: The criteria in the table are based on Schmidtke H & F Nullmeier, ‘Valuation analysis and the legitimacy of international organizations’, German Policy Studies, 7, 3, 2011, pp. 117–53.