Expression pattern of CD55 and CD59 on red blood cells in sickle cell disease

Figures & data

Table 1. Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of SCD patients and healthy controls.

Parameters	SCD patients	Healthy controls
Number (%)	71 (57.3%)	53 (42.7%)
Age (Years) Median (25–75%)	27 (20–34)	30 (22–40)
Male, Number (%)	41 (57.7)	26 (49.1)
Female, Number (%)	30 (42.3)	27 (50.9)
Genotype
SS, Number (%)	32 (45.0)	0 (0)
S/β^o, Number (%)	36 (50.7)	0 (0)
S/α thalassemia, Number (%)	2 (2.8)	0 (0)
S/D, Number (%)	1 (1.5)	0 (0)
Hb, g/dl mean (SD)	9.88 (1.48)	14.1 (1.4)
MCV, fl mean (SD)	80.7 (11.7)	86 (5.4)
WBC, ×10^9/l Median (25–75%)	12.3 (7.7–16)	6.8 (4.2–9.7)
Reticulocyte count (%) (SD)	5.1 (2.7)	1.8 (0.3)
LDH, IU/l Median (25–75%)	432 (231–414.5)	ND
HbF, % Median (25–75%)	15.6 (10.5–20.6)	ND
CRP, mg/l Median (25–75%)	21.2 (8.5–84.5)	ND
s-bilirubin (μmol/l) Median (25–75%)	36.5 (26–53)	ND

Note: For continuous variables, values are presented as mean (±SD) values for parametric data, and as median (interquartile range) values for non-parametric data.

Abbreviations: SCD, sickle cell disease; WBC, white blood cell count; Hb, hemoglobin; MCV, mean cell volume, LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; HbF, hemoglobin F; CRP, C-reactive protein; ND, not done.

Figure 1. Representative dot plots showing RBC distribution by forward scatter (FSC) and side scatter (SSC), and histograms showing CD55 and CD59 FITC MFI expressions versus counted cells from RBCs gate. (a) and (b) showing CD55 and CD59 expression on RBCs from healthy control. (c) and (d) showing CD55 and CD59 expression on RBCs from SCD patients, respectively.

Figure 2. Comparison of (a) CD55 deficiency and (b) CD59 deficiency states among healthy controls and SCD patients.

Figure 3. Comparative analysis of the proportion of CD55-deficient (a) and CD59-deficient (b) RBCs from SCD patients and healthy controls.

Figure 4. Comparative analysis of the MFI of (a) CD55-positive and (b) CD59-positive RBCs from SCD patients and healthy controls.

Table 2. Proportion of CD55 and CD59-deficient RBCs cells and the mean of membrane fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD55 and CD59 expression.

Parameters	SCD patients	Healthy controls	Significance (p)
Number (%)	71 (57.3%)	53 (42.7%)	–
CD55 deficiency, Number (%)	1 (1.4)	0 (0)	1.000
CD59 deficiency, Number (%)	27 (38)	9 (17)	0.015
Proportion of CD55-deficient RBCs (%) Median (25–75%)	0.17 (0.1–0.4)	0.09 (0.04–0.19)	0.009
Proportion of CD59-deficient RBCs (%) Median (25–75%)	2.1 (1.0–4.8)	1.2 (0.5–2.7)	0.003
MFI of CD55-positive cells, mean (+/−SD)	5.2 (0.73)	6.4 (0.96)	<0.001
MFI of CD59-positive cells , mean (SD)	19.4 (16.2–20.6)	25.3 (19.2–32.4)	0.010

Table 3. Correlation between the proportion of CD55- and CD59-deficient RBCs in SCD patients and, hematologic, hemolytic, and inflammatory parameters in SCD patients.

Parameters	Proportion of CD55-deficient RBCs		Proportion of CD59-deficient RBCs
Two-tailed p values	r	p	r	p
WBC (×10^9/l)	0.34	0.005^a	0.13	0.28
Hb (g/l)	−0.09	0.44	−0.19	0.12
MCV (fl)	0.32	0.01^a	0.04	0.76
RDW (%)	−0.03	0.83	0.20	0.10
Platelet count (×10^9/l)	0.29	0.02^a	−0.17	0.17
Reticulocyte count (×10^9/l)	0.25	0.04^a	−0.05	0.72
HbF (%)	0.15	0.27	0.08	0.56
CRP (mg/l)	0.00	0.99	0.01	0.92
LDH (U/l)	−0.05	0.58	0.14	0.27
Serum bilirubin (μmol/l)	−0.03	0.68	−0.08	0.50
Interleukin-1β	−0.03	0.83	−0.08	0.54
Serum erythropoietin	−0.05	0.70	−0.03	0.82
TNF-α	−0.03	0.85	0.76	0.31

Note: Correlation coefficients (r) are shown with two-tailed p values.

^aCorrelation is significant.

Abbreviations: SCD, sickle cell disease; WBC, white blood cell count; Hb, hemoglobin; MCV, mean cell volume; RDW, red cell distribution width; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; HbF, hemoglobin F; CRP, C-reactive protein; TNF-α, Tumor Necrosis Factor α; ND, not done.

Table 4. Correlation between CD59 deficiency and inflammatory, hematologic, and hemolytic parameters in SCD patients.

Parameters	CD59- deficient SCD patients
Two-tailed p values	r	p
WBC (×10^9/l)	−0.19	0.12
Hb (g/l)	−0.02	0.87
Platelet count (×10^9/l)	0.25	0.04^a
Reticulocyte count (×10^9/l)	−0.06	0.65
HbF (%)	0.08	0.54
CRP (mg/l)	−0.05	0.70
LDH (U/l)	0.04	0.78
Serum bilirubin (μmol/l)	−0.01	0.93
Interleukin-1β	0.01	0.95
Serum erythropoietin	0.00	0.98
TNF-α	0.16	0.22

Note: Correlation coefficients (r) are shown with two-tailed p values.

^aCorrelation is significant.

Abbreviations: SCD, sickle cell disease; WBC, white blood cell count; Hb, hemoglobin; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; HbF, hemoglobin F; CRP, C-reactive protein; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α, ND, not done.