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ABSTRACT
Background
Migraine and severe headaches are extremely prevalent neurological disorders that plague humans and society. Prior research has revealed that DII may affect the occurrence of migraines, but there are too few relevant studies and more are required. This study aimed to determine the association between severe headache or migraine and the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), with particular attention to age and gender differences.
Methods
Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we performed a cross-sectional study. In addition, we investigated the association between DII and severe headache or migraine using weighted multivariate logistic regression models, and restricted cubic splines models were plotted to explore their linear correlation.
Results
There were a total of 13,439 people participating in the study, and of those, 2745 experienced a severe headache or migraine within the previous three months. The DII was linearly and positively correlated with severe headache or migraine (odds ratio [OR] = 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01–1.08, p = 0.0051). Stratified analysis showed that this relationship persisted among women and those aged < 60 years, with ORs of 1.08 (95% CI = 1.04–1.13, p = 0.0004) and 1.05 (95% CI = 1.01–1.09, p = 0.0071), respectively.
Conclusions
We found that greater levels of DII were significantly related to an increased likelihood of migraine onset, especially among women and young and middle-aged populations. Further research is required to validate and expand upon our results.
Acknowledgements
We appreciate all those who volunteered for the NHANES.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Data availability statement
The survey data are accessible to data consumers and researchers worldwide via the Internet.
Ethics statement
The NHANES program was approved by the ethics review committee of the National Center for Health Statistics in December 1998. (Ethical number: Protocol # 98-12). An ethics exemption application was submitted to the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine on 13 January 2023 and was granted.
Author contributions
Wei Peng and Leiyong Zhao were involved in the study design. Xiaotong Li and Lin Han contributed to data collection, compilation, and analysis. Yiyan Sun, Hongyun Wu, and Guangming Zhang participated in writing the manuscript.
Additional information
Funding
Notes on contributors
Yiyan Sun
Dr. Yiyan Sun is a master's student at the College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Xiaotong Li
Dr. Xiaotong Li is a master's student at the First Clinical School of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Guangming Zhang
Dr. Guangming Zhang is a master's student at the College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Lin Han
Dr. Lin Han is a master's student at the First Clinical School of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Hongyun Wu
Dr. Hongyun Wu is the Deputy Chief Physician of Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Wei Peng
Dr. Wei Peng is the chief physician of the Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Leiyong Zhao
Dr. Leiyong Zhao is a physician in the Department of Neurology at the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.