ABSTRACT
The versions of ‘political theology’ articulated by Schmitt and Benjamin, and in more recent times by Agamben, have been of substantial influence on debate in international legal scholarship. The standpoint adopted here is the project of a collective and pluralist analysis of public international law. It is argued that while Agamben’s writings have the potential to contribute to this project, available appropriations of Agamben’s influential claims regarding sovereignty, ‘bare life’ and the ‘state of exception’ are inadequate in this respect. The role played by ‘peoplehood’ both illustrates and contributes to the conceptual difficulties within the present debate. Ways forward for the scholarship of international law include a more discriminating appropriation of Agamben which would attempt to decouple a potentially pluralist and collectivist Agamben from a biopolitics- and state-focused Agamben. This would be to go beyond ‘the kingdom’ and possibly, beyond ‘political theology’.
Acknowledgements
This paper was written at the Melbourne Law School’s Institute for International Law and the Humanities during a period of research leave generously awarded by the Faculty of Business and Law, Deakin University. I wish to thank in particular Sundhya Pahuja and IILAH colleagues for continuing support and encouragement. Thanks go to Antal Berkes, Jean D’Aspremont, John Haskell and Iain Scobbie of the Manchester International Law Centre where an early version was presented in June 2017. At Deakin and beyond my thanks go to Helmut Aust, Claudio Bozzi, George Duke, Zim Nwokora, Matthew Sharpe, Luca Siliquini-Cinelli, Marcelo Svirsky and Ozlem Ulgen. Editors of and referees for the Griffith Law Review deserve thanks for their generosity. All residual errors are mine.
Disclosure Statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.
Notes on contributors
John R Morss is Senior Lecturer in International Law, Deakin Law School, Victoria, Australia.
Notes
19 Anghie (Citation2016), pp 159, 160; postcolonial scholarship in public international law is discussed by Morss (Citation2013), p 51.
26 An ur-separation between zoe and bios has left such marks on what elsewhere Agamben has called the ‘collective unconscious’: Agamben (Citation2016), p 208; Agamben (Citation1998), p 105.
48 Agamben (Citation2000), p 138; here an idiosyncratic usage of the term ‘body politic’ is also to be found.
52 Crawford (Citation2012); significantly, one of the grounds on which Schmitt criticised Kelsen was Kelsen’s nominalist proposal to do away with sovereignty as a concept: Schmitt (Citation2005), p 21.
87 Agamben criticises Benjamin for his messianic, revelatory style: Agamben (Citation1999), p 163; Agamben’s ‘apocalyptic tone’ is criticised by political theorists Hardt and Negri: McLoughlin (Citation2012), p 681.
93 Derrida with unwonted asperity questions Agamben’s reliance on the sharp distinction of bios and zoe, this ‘airtight frontier along which Agamben constructs his whole discourse’: Derrida (Citation2009), p 321.
106 Farrier and Tuitt, (2013), p 258.
109 Tuitt and Fitzpatrick (Citation2004), xii; Bignall and Svirsky (Citation2012), p 3; it should be noted that Agamben warns against aestheticisation, Agamben (Citation2011), p 198.
119 Utter difference may be codified by a very small change, see Agamben (Citation1993), p 53; a quantum leap is after all an extremely small leap.
125 Agamben (Citation1993), p 71; it should be noted that for Derrida, each ‘people’ can be said to be a proper name: De Ville (Citation2010), p 65.
142 Adam Smith developed an analysis of human economic activity explicitly based on every person’s reliance on others. For Smith, everyone ‘stands at all times in need of the cooperation and assistance of great multitudes’: Ronge (Citation2017), p 287.
156 Whyte (Citation2012), p 255; Whyte’s reference is to the restoration of the Haiti slave-owners’ rights and practices after Napoleon’s suppression of the rebellion.
Mariano Croce (2011) ‘Does Legal Institutionalism Rule Out Legal Pluralism? Schmitt’s Institutional Theory and the Problem of the Concrete Order’ 7 Utrecht Law Review 42. doi: 10.18352/ulr.161 David Dyzenhaus (2017) ‘Formalism, Realism and the Politics of Indeterminacy’ in W Werner, M de Hoon and A Galán (eds) The Law of International Lawyers: Reading Martti Koskenniemi, Cambridge University Press. Gian Giacomo Fusco (2017) ‘Normalising Sovereignty: Reflections of Schmitt’s Notions of Exception, Decision and Normality’ 26 Griffith Law Review 128. doi: 10.1080/10383441.2017.1345708 Ino Augsberg (2010) ‘Carl Schmitt’s Fear: Nomos – Norm – Network’ 23 Leiden Journal of International Law 741. doi: 10.1017/S0922156510000348 Robert Howse (2016) ‘Schmitt, Schmitteanism and Contemporary International Legal Theory’ in A Orford and F Hoffmann (eds) The Oxford Handbook of the Theory of International Law, Oxford University Press. Fleur Johns (2005) ‘Guantánamo Bay and the Annihilation of the Exception’ 16 European Journal of International Law 626. doi: 10.1093/ejil/chi135 Matthew Nicholson (2016) ‘Walter Benjamin and the Re-Imageination [sic] of International Law’ 27 Law Critique 103. doi: 10.1007/s10978-015-9170-z David Farrier and Patricia Tuitt (2013) ‘Beyond Biopolitics: Agamben, Asylum, and Postcolonial Critique’ in G Huggan (ed) The Oxford Handbook of Postcolonial Studies, Oxford University Press. Gian Giacomo Fusco (2017) ‘Normalising Sovereignty: Reflections of Schmitt’s Notions of Exception, Decision and Normality’ 26 Griffith Law Review 128. doi: 10.1080/10383441.2017.1345708 Daniel McLoughlin (2016a) ‘The Fiction of Sovereignty and the Real State of Exception: Giorgio Agamben’s Critique of Carl Schmitt’ 12 Law, Culture and the Humanities 509. doi: 10.1177/1743872112469863 Robert Howse (2016) ‘Schmitt, Schmitteanism and Contemporary International Legal Theory’ in A Orford and F Hoffmann (eds) The Oxford Handbook of the Theory of International Law, Oxford University Press. Simone Bignall (2012) ‘Potential Postcoloniality: Sacred Life, Profanation and the Coming Community’ in M Svirsky and S Bignall (eds) Agamben and Colonialism, Edinburgh University Press. Simone Bignall (2012) ‘Potential Postcoloniality: Sacred Life, Profanation and the Coming Community’ in M Svirsky and S Bignall (eds) Agamben and Colonialism, Edinburgh University Press. Antony Anghie (2005) Imperialism, Sovereignty and the Making of International Law, Cambridge University Press. Antony Anghie (2016) ‘Imperialism and International Legal Theory’ in A Orford and F Hoffmann (eds) The Oxford Handbook of the Theory of International Law, Oxford University Press. John R Morss (2013) International Law as the Law of Collectives: Toward a Law of People, Ashgate. James Crawford (2001) ‘The Right of Self-Determination in International Law: Its Development and Future’ in P Alston (ed) Peoples’ Rights, Oxford University Press. Simone Bignall (2012) ‘Potential Postcoloniality: Sacred Life, Profanation and the Coming Community’ in M Svirsky and S Bignall (eds) Agamben and Colonialism, Edinburgh University Press. Wendy Brown (2015) Undoing the Demos: Neoliberalism’s Stealth Revolution, Zone. James Crawford (2001) ‘The Right of Self-Determination in International Law: Its Development and Future’ in P Alston (ed) Peoples’ Rights, Oxford University Press. Philippe Sands (2016) East West Street: On the Origins of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, Weidenfeld & Nicolson. Rosanne Kennedy (2011) ‘Australian Trials of Trauma: The Stolen Generations in Human Rights, Law and Literature’ 48 Comparative Literature Studies 333. doi: 10.5325/complitstudies.48.3.0333 Justine Seran (2015) ‘Australian Aboriginal Memoir and Memory: A Stolen Generations Trauma Narrative’ 4 Humanities 661. doi: 10.3390/h4040661 Giorgio Agamben (2016) The Use of Bodies: Homo Sacer IV, 2, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (1998) Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, Stanford University Press. Jochen Von Bernstorff (2016) ‘Hans Kelsen and the Return of Universalism’ in A Orford and F Hoffmann (eds) The Oxford Handbook of the Theory of International Law, Oxford University Press. Allen Buchanan (2004) Justice, Legitimacy, and Self-Determination: Moral Foundations for International Law, Oxford University Press. Stephen Tierney (2007) ‘“We the Peoples”: Constituent Power and Constitutionalism in Plurinational States’ in M Loughlin and N Walker (eds) The Paradox of Constitutionalism: Constituent Power and Constitutional Form, Oxford University Press. Simon Critchley (2014) The Faith of the Faithless: Experiments in Political Theology, Verso. Judith Butler (2015) Notes Toward a Performative Theory of Assembly, Harvard University Press. Judith Butler (2016) ‘“We, the People:” Thoughts on Freedom of Assembly’ in Alain Badiou, Pierre Bourdieu, Judith Butler, Georges Didi-Huberman, Sadri Khiari and Jacques Rancière (eds) What is A People?, Columbia University Press. Wendy Brown (2015) Undoing the Demos: Neoliberalism’s Stealth Revolution, Zone. Maria Aristodemou (2015) ‘A Constant Craving for Fresh Brains and a Taste for Decaffeinated Neighbours’ 25 European Journal of International Law 35. doi: 10.1093/ejil/cht080 Matthew Nicholson (2017) ‘Psychoanalyzing International Law(yers)’ 18 German Law Journal 441. Zoran Oklopcic (2018) Beyond the People: Social Imaginary and Constituent Imagination, Oxford University Press. Jeremy Waldron (2006) ‘The Rule of International Law’ 30 Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy 15. Sergei Prozorov (2009) ‘Generic Universalism in World Politics: Beyond International Anarchy and the World State’ 1 International Theory 215. doi: 10.1017/S1752971909000025 Jeremy Waldron (2012) Dignity, Rank and Rights, Oxford University Press. Patrick Capps (2009) Human Dignity and the Foundations of International Law, Hart. Antony Anghie (2005) Imperialism, Sovereignty and the Making of International Law, Cambridge University Press. Antony Anghie (2005) Imperialism, Sovereignty and the Making of International Law, Cambridge University Press. Costas Douzinas (2006) ‘Speaking Law: On Bare Theological and Cosmopolitan Sovereignty’ in A Orford (ed) International Law and its Others, Cambridge University Press. Peter Staubach (2016) ‘The Interpretation of Unwritten International Law by Domestic Judges’ in H P Aust and G Nolte (eds) The Interpretation of International Law by Domestic Courts, Oxford University Press. Fernando Tesòn (ed) (2016) The Theory of Self-Determination, Cambridge University Press. Martti Koskenniemi (2005) From Apology to Utopia: The Structure of International Legal Argument, Cambridge University Press. Martti Koskenniemi (2005) From Apology to Utopia: The Structure of International Legal Argument, Cambridge University Press. Philip Pettit (2012) On the People’s Terms: A Republican Theory and Model of Democracy, Cambridge University Press. John Horton (2010) Political Obligation, Palgrave. Patrick Capps (2009) Human Dignity and the Foundations of International Law, Hart. Alain Badiou, Pierre Bourdieu, Judith Butler, Georges Didi-Huberman, Sadri Khiari and Jacques Rancière (2016) What Is A People?, Columbia University Press. Fleur Johns (2005) ‘Guantánamo Bay and the Annihilation of the Exception’ 16 European Journal of International Law 626. doi: 10.1093/ejil/chi135 Giorgio Agamben (2000) Means Without End: Notes on Politics, University of Minnesota Press. Carl Schmitt (2005) Political Theology: Four Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignty, University of Chicago Press. Carl Schmitt (2005) Political Theology: Four Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignty, University of Chicago Press. Daniel McLoughlin (2016a) ‘The Fiction of Sovereignty and the Real State of Exception: Giorgio Agamben’s Critique of Carl Schmitt’ 12 Law, Culture and the Humanities 509. doi: 10.1177/1743872112469863 James Crawford (2012) ‘Sovereignty as a Legal Value’ in J Crawford and M Koskenniemi (eds) The Cambridge Companion to International Law, Cambridge University Press. Carl Schmitt (2005) Political Theology: Four Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignty, University of Chicago Press. James Crawford (2014) Chance, Order, Change: The Course of International Law, Hague Academy of International Law. James Crawford (2014) Chance, Order, Change: The Course of International Law, Hague Academy of International Law. Jeremy Waldron (2006) ‘The Rule of International Law’ 30 Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy 15. Helmut P Aust (2015) ‘Fundamental Rights of States: Constitutional Law in Disguise?’ 4 Cambridge Journal of International and Comparative Law 521. doi: 10.7574/cjicl.04.03.521 William Scheuerman (1999) Carl Schmitt: The End of Law, Rowman and Littlefield. Hans Lindahl (2007) ‘Constituent Power and Reflexive Identity: Towards an Ontology of Collective Selfhood’ in M Loughlin and N Walker (eds) The Paradox of Constitutionalism: Constituent Power and Constitutional Form, Oxford University Press. Carl Schmitt (2004) On the Three Types of Juristic Thought, Praeger. Mariano Croce (2011) ‘Does Legal Institutionalism Rule Out Legal Pluralism? Schmitt’s Institutional Theory and the Problem of the Concrete Order’ 7 Utrecht Law Review 42. doi: 10.18352/ulr.161 Mariano Croce (2011) ‘Does Legal Institutionalism Rule Out Legal Pluralism? Schmitt’s Institutional Theory and the Problem of the Concrete Order’ 7 Utrecht Law Review 42. doi: 10.18352/ulr.161 Lars Vinx (2013) ‘Carl Schmitt and the Analogy Between Constitutional and International law: Are Constitutional and International Law Inherently Political?’ 2 Global Constitutionalism 91. doi: 10.1017/S2045381712000202 Tracy Strong (2005) Foreword, Carl Schmitt, Political Theology: Four Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignty, University Chicago Press. Tracy Strong (2005) Foreword, Carl Schmitt, Political Theology: Four Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignty, University Chicago Press. John Reynolds (2017) Empire, Emergency and International Law, Cambridge University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2016) The Use of Bodies: Homo Sacer IV, 2, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2009) The Signature of All Things: On Method, Zone. Giorgio Agamben (1998) Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, Stanford University Press. Anne Orford (2006) ‘Trade, Human Rights and the Economy of Sacrifice’ in A Orford (ed) International Law and its Others, Cambridge University Press. Fleur Johns (2005) ‘Guantánamo Bay and the Annihilation of the Exception’ 16 European Journal of International Law 626. doi: 10.1093/ejil/chi135 Jacques Derrida (2009) The Beast and the Sovereign Vol I, University of Chicago Press. Giorgio Agamben (1998) Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2016) The Use of Bodies: Homo Sacer IV, 2, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2016) The Use of Bodies: Homo Sacer IV, 2, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2016) The Use of Bodies: Homo Sacer IV, 2, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2009) The Signature of All Things: On Method, Zone. Giorgio Agamben (2009) The Signature of All Things: On Method, Zone. Giorgio Agamben (2009) The Signature of All Things: On Method, Zone. Giorgio Agamben (2009) The Signature of All Things: On Method, Zone. Giorgio Agamben (2009) The Signature of All Things: On Method, Zone. Catherine Mills (2008) The Philosophy of Agamben, McGill-Queen’s University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2009) The Signature of All Things: On Method, Zone. Giorgio Agamben (2009) The Signature of All Things: On Method, Zone. Giorgio Agamben (2009) The Signature of All Things: On Method, Zone. Giorgio Agamben (2009) The Signature of All Things: On Method, Zone. Giorgio Agamben (2009) The Signature of All Things: On Method, Zone. Giorgio Agamben (2016) The Use of Bodies: Homo Sacer IV, 2, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2016) The Use of Bodies: Homo Sacer IV, 2, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (1999) Potentialities: Collected Essays in Philosophy, Stanford University Press. Daniel McLoughlin (2012) ‘Giorgio Agamben on Security, Government and the Crisis of Law’ 21 Griffith Law Review 680. doi: 10.1080/10383441.2012.10854758 Stephen Humphreys (2006) ‘Legalizing Lawlessness: On Giorgio Agamben’s State of Exception’ 17 European Journal of International Law 677. doi: 10.1093/ejil/chl020 Luca Siliquini-Cinelli (2015) ‘Hayek the Schmittian: Contextualising Cristi’s Account of Hayek’s Decisionism in the Age of Global Wealth Inequality’ 24 Griffith Law Review 687. doi: 10.1080/10383441.2015.1086968 Giorgio Agamben (2016) The Use of Bodies: Homo Sacer IV, 2, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2016) The Use of Bodies: Homo Sacer IV, 2, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2016) The Use of Bodies: Homo Sacer IV, 2, Stanford University Press. Jacques Derrida (2009) The Beast and the Sovereign Vol I, University of Chicago Press. Peter Fitzpatrick (2005) ‘Bare Sovereignty: Homo Sacer and the Insistence of Law’ in A Norris (ed) Politics, Metaphysics and Death: Essays on Giorgio Agamben’s Homo Sacer, Duke University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2013) The Highest Poverty: Monastic Rules and Form-of-Life, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2000) Means Without End: Notes on Politics, University of Minnesota Press. Peter Fitzpatrick (2005) ‘Bare Sovereignty: Homo Sacer and the Insistence of Law’ in A Norris (ed) Politics, Metaphysics and Death: Essays on Giorgio Agamben’s Homo Sacer, Duke University Press. Peter Fitzpatrick (2005) ‘Bare Sovereignty: Homo Sacer and the Insistence of Law’ in A Norris (ed) Politics, Metaphysics and Death: Essays on Giorgio Agamben’s Homo Sacer, Duke University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2016) The Use of Bodies: Homo Sacer IV, 2, Stanford University Press. Peter Fitzpatrick (2005) ‘Bare Sovereignty: Homo Sacer and the Insistence of Law’ in A Norris (ed) Politics, Metaphysics and Death: Essays on Giorgio Agamben’s Homo Sacer, Duke University Press. George Pavlich (2010) ‘On the Subject of Sovereigns’ in C Barbour and G Pavlich (eds) After Sovereignty: On the Question of Political Beginnings, Routledge. Giorgio Agamben (2016) The Use of Bodies: Homo Sacer IV, 2, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2016) The Use of Bodies: Homo Sacer IV, 2, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2016) The Use of Bodies: Homo Sacer IV, 2, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (1998) Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (1998) Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, Stanford University Press. Jessica Whyte (2012) ‘“The Work of Man is Not Durable”: History, Haiti and the Rights of Man’ in M Svirsky and S Bignall (eds) Agamben and Colonialism, Edinburgh University Press. Jessica Whyte (2012) ‘“The Work of Man is Not Durable”: History, Haiti and the Rights of Man’ in M Svirsky and S Bignall (eds) Agamben and Colonialism, Edinburgh University Press. David Farrier and Patricia Tuitt (2013) ‘Beyond Biopolitics: Agamben, Asylum, and Postcolonial Critique’ in G Huggan (ed) The Oxford Handbook of Postcolonial Studies, Oxford University Press. David Farrier and Patricia Tuitt (2013) ‘Beyond Biopolitics: Agamben, Asylum, and Postcolonial Critique’ in G Huggan (ed) The Oxford Handbook of Postcolonial Studies, Oxford University Press. Patricia Tuitt and Peter Fitzpatrick (2004) ‘Introduction’ in P Fitzpatrick and P Tuitt (eds) Critical Beings: Law, Nation and the Global Subject, Ashgate. Simone Bignall and Marcelo Svirsky (2012) ‘Introduction: Agamben and Colonialism’ in M Svirsky and S Bignall (eds) Agamben and Colonialism, Edinburgh University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2011) The Kingdom and the Glory: For a Theological Genealogy of Economy and Government (Homo Sacer II, 2), Stanford University Press. Fleur Johns (2005) ‘Guantánamo Bay and the Annihilation of the Exception’ 16 European Journal of International Law 626. doi: 10.1093/ejil/chi135 Daniel McLoughlin (2016b) ‘Introduction’ in D McLoughlin (ed) Agamben and Radical Politics, Edinburgh University Press. Catherine Mills (2008) The Philosophy of Agamben, McGill-Queen’s University Press. Jessica Whyte (2013) Catastrophe and Redemption: The Political Thought of Giorgio Agamben, SUNY Press. Jessica Whyte (2013) Catastrophe and Redemption: The Political Thought of Giorgio Agamben, SUNY Press. Simone Bignall (2016) ‘On Property and the Philosophy of Poverty: Agamben and Anarchism’ in D McLoughlin (ed) Agamben and Radical Politics, Edinburgh University Press. George Pavlich (2010) ‘On the Subject of Sovereigns’ in C Barbour and G Pavlich (eds) After Sovereignty: On the Question of Political Beginnings, Routledge. Sergei Prozorov (2014) Agamben and Politics: A Critical Introduction, Edinburgh University Press. Luca Siliquini-Cinelli (2015) ‘Hayek the Schmittian: Contextualising Cristi’s Account of Hayek’s Decisionism in the Age of Global Wealth Inequality’ 24 Griffith Law Review 687. doi: 10.1080/10383441.2015.1086968 Giorgio Agamben (2017) The Mystery of Evil: Benedict XVI and the End of Days, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (1993) The Coming Community, University of Minnesota Press. Giorgio Agamben (2005) The Time That Remains: A Commentary on the Letter to the Romans, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2017) The Mystery of Evil: Benedict XVI and the End of Days, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2000) Means Without End: Notes on Politics, University of Minnesota Press. Giorgio Agamben (1993) The Coming Community, University of Minnesota Press. Giorgio Agamben (2011) The Kingdom and the Glory: For a Theological Genealogy of Economy and Government (Homo Sacer II, 2), Stanford University Press. Simone Bignall (2016) ‘On Property and the Philosophy of Poverty: Agamben and Anarchism’ in D McLoughlin (ed) Agamben and Radical Politics, Edinburgh University Press. Simone Bignall and Marcelo Svirsky (2012) ‘Introduction: Agamben and Colonialism’ in M Svirsky and S Bignall (eds) Agamben and Colonialism, Edinburgh University Press. Giorgio Agamben (1993) The Coming Community, University of Minnesota Press. Jacques De Ville (2010) ‘Sovereignty without Sovereignty: Derrida’s Declarations of Independence’ in C Barbour and G Pavlich (eds) After Sovereignty: On the Question of Political Beginnings. Giorgio Agamben (1993) The Coming Community, University of Minnesota Press. Giorgio Agamben (1993) The Coming Community, University of Minnesota Press. Giorgio Agamben (1993) The Coming Community, University of Minnesota Press. Sergei Prozorov (2014) Agamben and Politics: A Critical Introduction, Edinburgh University Press. Giorgio Agamben (1993) The Coming Community, University of Minnesota Press. Giorgio Agamben (1993) The Coming Community, University of Minnesota Press. Bettina Stangneth (2014) Eichmann Before Jerusalem: The Unexamined Life of a Mass Murderer, Alfred Knopf. Giorgio Agamben (1993) The Coming Community, University of Minnesota Press. Simone Bignall (2012) ‘Potential Postcoloniality: Sacred Life, Profanation and the Coming Community’ in M Svirsky and S Bignall (eds) Agamben and Colonialism, Edinburgh University Press. Giorgio Agamben (1993) The Coming Community, University of Minnesota Press. Marcelo Svirsky (2012) ‘The Cultural Politics of Exception’ in M Svirsky and S Bignall (eds), Agamben and Colonialism, Edinburgh University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2000) Means Without End: Notes on Politics, University of Minnesota Press. Thanos Zartaloudis (2010) Giorgio Agamben: Power, Law and the Uses of Criticism, Routledge. Giorgio Agamben (2000) Means Without End: Notes on Politics, University of Minnesota Press. Giorgio Agamben (2000) Means Without End: Notes on Politics, University of Minnesota Press. Giorgio Agamben (2000) Means Without End: Notes on Politics, University of Minnesota Press. Giorgio Agamben (2016) The Use of Bodies: Homo Sacer IV, 2, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2011) The Kingdom and the Glory: For a Theological Genealogy of Economy and Government (Homo Sacer II, 2), Stanford University Press. Bastian Ronge (2017) ( citing Adam Smith, Theory of Moral Sentiments) ‘Towards a System of Sympathetic law: Envisioning Adam Smith’s Theory of Jurisprudence’ in S Kadelbach, T Kleinlein and D Roth-Isigkeit (eds) System, Order, and International Law: The Early History of International Legal Thought from Machiavelli to Hegel, Oxford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2000) Means Without End: Notes on Politics, University of Minnesota Press. Giorgio Agamben (1993) The Coming Community, University of Minnesota Press. Giorgio Agamben (1993) The Coming Community, University of Minnesota Press. Giorgio Agamben (2000) Means Without End: Notes on Politics, University of Minnesota Press. Giorgio Agamben (2000) Means Without End: Notes on Politics, University of Minnesota Press. Giorgio Agamben (2000) Means Without End: Notes on Politics, University of Minnesota Press. Geneviève Nootens (2015) ‘Constituent Power and People-as-the-governed: About the ‘Invisible’ People of Political and Legal Theory’ 4 Global Constitutionalism 137. doi: 10.1017/S204538171500009X Simone Bignall (2016) ‘On Property and the Philosophy of Poverty: Agamben and Anarchism’ in D McLoughlin (ed) Agamben and Radical Politics, Edinburgh University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2013) The Highest Poverty: Monastic Rules and Form-of-Life, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2011) The Kingdom and the Glory: For a Theological Genealogy of Economy and Government (Homo Sacer II, 2), Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2011) The Kingdom and the Glory: For a Theological Genealogy of Economy and Government (Homo Sacer II, 2), Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2011) The Kingdom and the Glory: For a Theological Genealogy of Economy and Government (Homo Sacer II, 2), Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2011) The Kingdom and the Glory: For a Theological Genealogy of Economy and Government (Homo Sacer II, 2), Stanford University Press. Jessica Whyte (2012) ‘“The Work of Man is Not Durable”: History, Haiti and the Rights of Man’ in M Svirsky and S Bignall (eds) Agamben and Colonialism, Edinburgh University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2011) The Kingdom and the Glory: For a Theological Genealogy of Economy and Government (Homo Sacer II, 2), Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2011) The Kingdom and the Glory: For a Theological Genealogy of Economy and Government (Homo Sacer II, 2), Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2011) The Kingdom and the Glory: For a Theological Genealogy of Economy and Government (Homo Sacer II, 2), Stanford University Press. Simone Bignall (2016) ‘On Property and the Philosophy of Poverty: Agamben and Anarchism’ in D McLoughlin (ed) Agamben and Radical Politics, Edinburgh University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2011) The Kingdom and the Glory: For a Theological Genealogy of Economy and Government (Homo Sacer II, 2), Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2011) The Kingdom and the Glory: For a Theological Genealogy of Economy and Government (Homo Sacer II, 2), Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2017) The Mystery of Evil: Benedict XVI and the End of Days, Stanford University Press. Giorgio Agamben (2018) The Adventure, MIT Press. Giorgio Agamben (2010) The Sacrament of Language: An Archaeology of the Oath (Homo Sacer II, 3), Stanford University Press. Laurent De Sutter and Kyle McGee (eds) (2012) Deleuze and Law, Edinburgh University Press. Ino Augsberg (2010) ‘Carl Schmitt’s Fear: Nomos – Norm – Network’ 23 Leiden Journal of International Law 741. doi: 10.1017/S0922156510000348 Peter Fitzpatrick (2005) ‘Bare Sovereignty: Homo Sacer and the Insistence of Law’ in A Norris (ed) Politics, Metaphysics and Death: Essays on Giorgio Agamben’s Homo Sacer, Duke University Press. Giorgio Agamben (1999) Potentialities: Collected Essays in Philosophy, Stanford University Press. Daniel McLoughlin (2016a) ‘The Fiction of Sovereignty and the Real State of Exception: Giorgio Agamben’s Critique of Carl Schmitt’ 12 Law, Culture and the Humanities 509. doi: 10.1177/1743872112469863 Maria Aristodemou (2015) ‘A Constant Craving for Fresh Brains and a Taste for Decaffeinated Neighbours’ 25 European Journal of International Law 35. doi: 10.1093/ejil/cht080 Giorgio Agamben (2000) Means Without End: Notes on Politics, University of Minnesota Press. Judith Butler (2015) Notes Toward a Performative Theory of Assembly, Harvard University Press. Judith Butler (2015) Notes Toward a Performative Theory of Assembly, Harvard University Press. Lars Vinx (2013) ‘Carl Schmitt and the Analogy Between Constitutional and International law: Are Constitutional and International Law Inherently Political?’ 2 Global Constitutionalism 91. doi: 10.1017/S2045381712000202
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0925-2525
![Sample our Law journals, sign in here to start your FREE access for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/5942/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Law.jpg"})