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Original Articles

Measuring Film Thickness in Starved Grease-Lubricated Ball Bearings: An Improved Electrical Capacitance Method

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 869-879 | Received 23 Feb 2022, Accepted 14 Jun 2022, Published online: 16 Aug 2022

Figures & data

Figure 1. Schematic representation of the bearing with Lubcheck (Citation46).

Figure 1. Schematic representation of the bearing with Lubcheck (Citation46).

Figure 2. Pictorial representation of a single point contact showing the flooded and cavitated regions around the Hertzian contact. Reproduced from Jablonka et al. (Citation37) with permission.

Figure 2. Pictorial representation of a single point contact showing the flooded and cavitated regions around the Hertzian contact. Reproduced from Jablonka et al. (Citation37) with permission.

Figure 3. Equivalent electrical circuit showing capacitances at the ball–ring interfaces.

Figure 3. Equivalent electrical circuit showing capacitances at the ball–ring interfaces.

Figure 4. Calculated and measured total capacitance versus film thickness for (a) inner ring and (b) outer ring film thickness. Fa=513 N; Li/M bled oil. Here the dielectric constant was determined using a single speed.

Figure 4. Calculated and measured total capacitance versus film thickness for (a) inner ring and (b) outer ring film thickness. Fa=513 N; Li/M bled oil. Here the dielectric constant was determined using a single speed.

Figure 5. A simplified starved contact condition showing meniscus position on the track.

Figure 5. A simplified starved contact condition showing meniscus position on the track.

Figure 6. A simplified fully flooded contact condition showing oil around the contact.

Figure 6. A simplified fully flooded contact condition showing oil around the contact.

Figure 7. Flowchart of the newly proposed procedure for determining film thickness in grease lubricated roller bearings.

Figure 7. Flowchart of the newly proposed procedure for determining film thickness in grease lubricated roller bearings.

Figure 8. Difference in calculated film thickness from Wilson’s method and the new method. Note that this is for an extremely starved condition. (a) Inner ring and (b) outer ring.

Figure 8. Difference in calculated film thickness from Wilson’s method and the new method. Note that this is for an extremely starved condition. (a) Inner ring and (b) outer ring.

Figure 9. Example of three film thickness and temperature measurements showing that the film thickness is stable after about 60 h. After each measurement the grease was replaced with fresh grease. 6209-2RZ bearing running under self-induced temperature conditions with Li/M grease; load = 513 N, speed = 4,000 rpm.

Figure 9. Example of three film thickness and temperature measurements showing that the film thickness is stable after about 60 h. After each measurement the grease was replaced with fresh grease. 6209-2RZ bearing running under self-induced temperature conditions with Li/M grease; load = 513 N, speed = 4,000 rpm.

Figure 10. Comparison of film thickness between fresh grease (Trial 0)—in which each measurement uses fresh grease—to without fresh grease (Trials 1, 2, and3)—in which the same grease is re-used throughout. 6209-2RZ bearing with Li/M grease; load = 513 N.

Figure 10. Comparison of film thickness between fresh grease (Trial 0)—in which each measurement uses fresh grease—to without fresh grease (Trials 1, 2, and3)—in which the same grease is re-used throughout. 6209-2RZ bearing with Li/M grease; load = 513 N.

Figure 11. Film thickness versus speed for three different temperatures. 6209-2RZ bearing with Li/M grease; load = 513 N.

Figure 11. Film thickness versus speed for three different temperatures. 6209-2RZ bearing with Li/M grease; load = 513 N.

Figure 12. Film thickness versus speed on a log-log scale; 6209-2RZ bearing with Li/M grease; load = 513 N.

Figure 12. Film thickness versus speed on a log-log scale; 6209-2RZ bearing with Li/M grease; load = 513 N.

Figure 13. Relative film thickness versus speed at (a) 61°C, (b) 70°C, and (c) 80°C. 6209-2RZ bearing with Li/M grease; load = 513 N.

Figure 13. Relative film thickness versus speed at (a) 61°C, (b) 70°C, and (c) 80°C. 6209-2RZ bearing with Li/M grease; load = 513 N.