Coarse woody habitat and glacial lake fisheries in the Midwestern United States: knowns, unknowns, and an experiment to advance our knowledge

Figures & data

Figure 1. Map of the locations of Sanford and Escanaba lakes (dot), Vilas County, Wisconsin (shaded), in relation to the United States and North America (A), along with satellite images of Sanford Lake (B) and Escanaba Lake (C).

Table 1. Morphometric and chemical and physical limnological variables and fish species presence/absence in Sanford and Escanaba lakes, Vilas County, Wisconsin. An “X” associated with a fish species and lake denotes presence.

Variable	Sanford Lake	Escanaba Lake
Hydrologic lake type	Drainage	Drainage
Surface area (ha)	37	119
Maximum depth (m)	16	7.9
Mean depth (m)	4.8	4.3
Mean Secchi depth (m)	2.6	3.3
Conductivity (µS/cm)	21	50
Chlorophyll a (µg/L)	1.2	3.0
Total phosphorus (mg/L)	0.016	0.017
CWH abundance (number/km)	2165	847
Black bullhead (Ameiurus melas)	X	X
Black crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus)	X
Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus)	X	X
Burbot (Lota lota)	X	X
Grass pickerel (Esox americanus vermiculatus)	X
Green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus)	X
Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)	X	X
L. macrochirus × L. gibbosus	X	X
Muskellunge (Esox masquinongy)	X	X
Northern pike (Esox lucius)		X
Pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus)	X	X
Rock bass (Ambloplites rupestris)	X	X
Smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu)	X	X
Various minnows (Cyprinidae)	X	X
Walleye (Sander vitreus)	X	X
White sucker (Catostomus commersonii)	X	X
Yellow perch (Perca flavescens)	X	X

Figure 2. Photographs of a white pine (Pinus strobus) being dropped into Sanford Lake, Wisconsin (upper), and tree drops along the northern shore of the lake (lower) in June, 2018.

Figure 3. Bathymetric maps of Sanford (A) and Escanaba (B) lakes, Vilas County, Wisconsin with darker shading denoting greater bottom depth in meters.