Nano-Fe₃O₄–Cysteine as a Superior Catalyst for the Synthesis of Indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones

Abstract

Nano-Fe₃O₄–l-cysteine as a superior catalyst has been used for the synthesis of indeno [1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones through a three-component reaction of phenylhydrazine, aromatic aldehydes and indan-1,2,3-trione at room temperature in acetonitrile. The catalyst has been characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, EDS, TGA and VSM. This method provides several advantages including mild reaction conditions, excellent yields in short times, the reusability of the catalyst and low catalyst loading.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Cysteine
• indenopyrazol-4(1H)-ones
• nanocatalyst
• nano-Fe₃O₄
• one-pot

Disclosure statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Funding

The authors are grateful to University of Kashan for supporting this work by Grant No. 363010/III.