Abstract
A novel, facial, highly effective gallium oxide (Ga2O3) nanocatalyst was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) analysis. The resulting gallium oxide (Ga2O3) nanomaterial has been successfully used as a catalyst for condensation of various aldehydes, dimedone, ammonium acetate, and ethyl acetoacetate under ethanol condition to yield polyhydroquinoline derivatives via a one-pot four-component Hantzsch condensation reaction. The products were investigated by IR, NMR, and mass spectral techniques. The desired catalyst was recycled and reused without any considerable changes in the yield.
Graphical Abstract
Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to Management and Principal (P. V. P. College, Pravaranagar) for providing all necessary facilities and constant encouragement. We are also thankful to SAIF, Punjab University, Chandigarh for providing all required spectral analysis facilities. The special thanks to Dr. A. V. Borhade for his moral support.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.