Effect of Modified Nano-Graphene Oxide and Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles on the Mechanical Properties and Durability of Artificial Stone Composites from Waste

Abstract

Sludge from stone-cutting (SSC) factories and stone mines cannot be used as decorative stones, stone powder, etc. These substances are left in the environment and cause environmental problems. This study aim is to produce artificial stone composite (ASC) using sludge from stone cutting factories, cement, unsaturated resin, water, silicon carbide nanoparticles (SiC-NPs), and nano-graphene oxide (NGO) as fillers. Nano graphene oxide has a hydrophobic plate structure that water is not absorbed due to the lack of surface tension on these plates. NGO has a significant effect on the properties of artificial stone due to its high specific surface area and low density in the composite. Its uniform distribution in ASC is very low due to its hydrophobicity, which can be modified by using unsaturated resin and silicon carbide nanoparticles (SiC-NPs). The obtained results show a remarkable increase and improvement in the mechanical properties of the artificial stone composite in the samples containing modified NGO with SiC-NPs. These samples have less porosity, smoother, more polished surface and, high bending and compressive strength. The addition of these materials to the artificial stone has increased durability and reduced costs and has caused water repellency, and prevented the penetration of harmful ions such as chloride, etc.

Keywords:

• Artificial stone composite (ASC)
• cement
• sludge stone-cutting (SSC)
• silicon carbide nanoparticles (SiC-NPs) and nano-graphene oxide (NGO)
• physiochemical parameters

Acknowledgment

The authors have no affiliation with any organization with a direct or indirect financial interest in the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.

Ethical approval

The study is done through computational methods of chemistry, which are not related to human and animal studies. All authors give our consent for the publication of identifiable details, which can include a figure(s) and details within the text to be published in the article.

Author contributions

Study concept and design: Reza Iranmanesh, Ameer A. Alameri, Ghufran Sh.Jassim, Haider Abdulkareem Almashhadani, Diyar Adel Lateef, Raed H. C. Alfilh. Analysis and interpretation of data: Reza Iranmanesh, Ameer A. Alameri, Ghufran Sh.Jassim, Diyar Adel Lateef, Abduladheem Turki Jalil, Yasser Fakri Mustafa. Drafting of the manuscript: Reza Iranmanesh, Ameer A. Alameri, Ghufran Sh.Jassim, Haider Abdulkareem Almashhadani, Diyar Adel Lateef, Abduladheem Turki Jalil, Raed H. C. Alfilh, Yasser Fakri Mustafa. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Reza Iranmanesh, Ameer A. Alameri, Ghufran Sh.Jassim, Diyar Adel Lateef, Abduladheem Turki Jalil, Raed H. C. Alfilh. Statistical analysis: Reza Iranmanesh, Ameer A. Alameri, Ghufran Sh.Jassim, Haider Abdulkareem Almashhadani, Diyar Adel Lateef, Abduladheem Turki Jalil, Raed H. C. Alfilh, Yasser Fakri Mustafa. Administrative, technical, or material support: Reza Iranmanesh, Ghufran Sh.Jassim, Haider Abdulkareem Almashhadani, Raed H. C. Alfilh, Yasser Fakri Mustafa and Supervision: Reza Iranmanesh, Ameer A. Alameri, Ghufran Sh.Jassim, Haider Abdulkareem Almashhadani, Diyar Adel Lateef, Abduladheem Turki Jalil, Raed H. C. Alfilh, Yasser Fakri Mustafa.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Data availability statement

The authors confirm that the data supporting the finding of this study are available within the article.