Conjugate heat transfer enhancement of laminar slot jets with various nanofluids on an array of protruding hot sources using MPM approach

Abstract

Conjugate heat transfer in laminar slot jets impinging on multiple protruding hot sources using various nanofluids has been investigated numerically by employing (i) a mass-based modeling and an (ii) Eulerian-based multi-phase modeling (MPM). Various parameters such as streamline contours, isotherm profiles, local Nusselt number (Nu), average Nusselt number (Nuavg) are evaluated for different nanofluids (Ag–water, Al₂O₃–water, CuO–water and TiO₂–water), various range of Reynolds number (Re), particle volume fraction (ϕ), diameter of the nanoparticle (d) and thermal conductivity ratio (kr). The steady, laminar, incompressible and two-dimensional flows are considered for the analysis. Finite-volume method with SIMPLE algorithm is used to solve continuity, momentum and energy equations along with boundary conditions. The highest heat transfer rate is achieved at ϕ = 0.05 for any protruding blocks and Reynolds number. Conjugate heat transfer rate of nanofluids increases with decreasing the diameter of nanoparticles. Here, Al₂O₃–water nanofluid is found to exhibit highest average Nusselt number compared to other nanofluids. The mixture based MPM approach with considering slip velocity yields higher heat transfer rate compared to the results obtained by single phase modeling approach.

Additional information

Funding

The financial assistance provided to Maheandera Prabu Paulraj by Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB-DST), Government of India, under National Post-doctoral fellowship scheme (File No. PDF/2017/000151) is gratefully acknowledged.