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Abstract
Sequential injection chromatography was proposed in 2003 to perform a simple, rapid, reagent-saving, environmentally benign, on-site, and instrumentally inexpensive separation procedure. Sequential injection chromatography is a version of sequential injection analysis, which is the second generation in the family of flow injection techniques. Despite its advantages over high-performance liquid chromatography, sequential injection chromatography has confronted some challenges. Furthermore, the applications of sequential injection chromatography in its first five years are almost all limited to pharmaceutical analysis. Interestingly, in its second five years, various developments in sequential injection chromatography technology were achieved. The developments have enhanced the efficiency of sequential injection chromatography and hence its applications have extended to biological, food, and environmental analyses. The main objectives of this review are to examine recent developments (2008–2013) in sequential injection chromatography and to describe how these developments improve the efficiency of the technology. The sequential injection chromatography methodologies reported during that period are also discussed along with controlling conditions and analytical results. The review also describes the principles, instrumentation, and procedure behind sequential injection chromatography.
ABBREVIATIONS
| ACN | = | acetonitrile |
| AmmAct | = | ammonium acetate |
| BIA | = | bead injection analysis |
| FC | = | flow cell |
| FCPC | = | fused-core particle column |
| FI | = | flow injection |
| FIA | = | flow injection analysis |
| FL | = | fluorescence |
| HC | = | holding coil |
| HPLC | = | high-performance liquid chromatography |
| LOD | = | limit of detection |
| LOQ | = | limit of quantification |
| MC | = | monolithic column |
| MCFIA | = | multi-commutation flow injection analysis |
| MCR-ALS | = | multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares |
| MeOH | = | methanol |
| MPFIA | = | multi-pumping flow injection analysis |
| MSFIA | = | multi-syringe flow injection analysis |
| N | = | number of theoretical plates |
| PhosA | = | phosphoric acid |
| Phst | = | phosphate |
| RP-MC | = | reverse-phase monolithic column |
| RSD | = | relative standard deviation |
| SC | = | separation column |
| SFA | = | segmented flow analysis |
| SIA | = | sequential injection analysis |
| SIC | = | sequential injection chromatography |
| SP | = | syringe pump |
| SPE | = | solid-phase extraction |
| THF | = | tetrahydrofuran |
| tR | = | retention time |
| μSIA-LOV | = | micro-sequential injection analysis-laboratory-on-valve |