A concert of RNA-binding proteins coordinates mitochondrial function

Abstract

Mitochondria are dynamic and plastic organelles, which flexibly adapt morphology, ATP production, and metabolic function to meet extrinsic challenges and demands. Regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis is essential during development and in adult life to survive stress and pathological insults, and is achieved not only by increasing mitochondrial mass, but also by remodeling the organellar proteome, metabolome, and lipidome. In the last decade, the post-transcriptional regulation of the expression of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins has emerged as a fast, flexible, and powerful mechanism to shape mitochondrial function and coordinate it with other cellular processes. At the heart of post-transcriptional responses are a number of RNA-binding proteins that specifically bind mRNAs encoding mitochondrial proteins and define their fate, by influencing transcript maturation, stability, translation, and localization. Thus, RNA-binding proteins provide a uniquely complex regulatory code that orchestrates mitochondrial function during physiological and pathological conditions.

Keywords:

• Post-transcriptional regulation
• RNA regulon
• CLUH
• Puf3
• localized translation

Acknowledgement

We thank Niels Gehring for a critical reading of the manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB1218-A05).