Identifying Well-Connected Opinion Leaders for Informal Health Promotion: The Example of the ASSIST Smoking Prevention Program

Figures & data

Table 1. Centrality measures for individuals identified as peer supporters and those who were not.

		Normalized degree centrality			Normalized betweenness centrality			Normalized closeness centrality^#			Mean distance^#
School	N	Median (quartiles)	Z value	p Value	Median (quartiles)	Z value	p Value	Median (quartiles)	Z value	p Value	Median (quartiles)	Z value	p Value
C28	PS*	7.21	2.88	.004	2.20	2.41	.016	36.40	3.20	.001	0.36 (0.32, 0.38)	2.13	.033
	(n = 23)	(5.41, 8.11)			(1.10, 3.66)			(34.02, 37.79)
	Y8	5.41			1.19			33.26			0.33 (0.30, 0.37)
	(n = 89)	(3.60, 6.31)			(0.23, 2.30)			(27.99, 35.80)
I17	PS*	7.09 (5.51, 7.87)	4.09	.000	1.53 (0.66, 3.50)	2.11	.035	38.09 (35.20, 42.31)	3.00	.003	0.38 (0.34, 0.42)	1.07	.284
	(n = 27)
	Y8	5.51 (4.72, 6.30)			1.18 (0.43, 1.95)			35.61 (33.09, 38.31)			0.37 (0.34, 0.40)
	(n = 101)
I2	PS*	5.00 (4.38, 6.25)	4.97	.000	3.54 (1.28, 5.10)	4.59	.000	32.32 (30.03, 34.59)	4.80	.000	0.35 (0.31, 0.39)	4.55	.000
	(n = 27)
	Y8	3.75 (3.13, 4.38)			0.82 (0.11, 1.99)			29.15 (26.74, 31.21)			0.29 (0.26, 0.32)
	(n = 128)
C11	PS*	5.10 (4.46, 5.73)	4.49	.000	1.93 (0.83, 4.74)	2.02	.043	31.18 (28.11, 32.99)	3.67	.000	0.30 (0.28, 0.33)	2.11	.035
	(n = 31)
	Y8	3.82 (3.19, 4.46)			1.18 (0.37, 2.31)			27.92 (25.84, 30.41)			0.29 (0.26, 0.31)
	(n = 127)
I23	PS*	2.35 (1.77, 2.94)	4.18	.000	1.39 (0.62, 2.47)	2.22	.026	32.32 (30.62, 34.14)	3.83	.000	0.34 (0.32, 0.36)	4.33	.000
	(n = 35)
	Y8	1.77 (1.47, 2.06)			0.83 (0.12, 2.03)			29.97 (27.16, 32.23)			0.31 (0.27, 0.33)
	(n = 135)
C16	PS*	3.11 (2.59, 4.15)	3.84	.000	2.44 (0.89, 4.77)	3.86	.000	25.50 (23.77, 27.91)	4.42	.000	0.27 (0.24, 0.29)	4.34	.000
	(n = 39)
	Y8	2.59 (2.07, 3.11)			0.78 (0.16, 1.97)			23.18 (21.41, 25.21)			0.24 (0.21, 0.26)
	(n = 155)
I16	PS*	3.47 (2.97, 5.45)	5.26	.000	1.62 (0.45, 4.46)	3.24	.001	30.13 (26.61, 31.68)	4.75	.000	0.29 (0.26, 0.34)	3.78	.000
	(n = 39)
	Y8	2.97 (1.98, 3.47)			0.62 (0.05, 2.00)			26.14 (24.20, 28.56)			0.26 (0.24, 0.29)
	(n = 164)
I13	PS*	4.07 (2.72, 4.75)	5.28	.000	1.39 (0.60, 3.47)	3.16	.002	28.74 (26.32, 30.87)	5.21	.000	0.31 (0.28, 0.34)	5.48	.000
	(n = 40)
	Y8	2.72 (2.26, 3.17)			0.59 (0.10, 1.86)			25.48 (22.69, 27.31)			0.26 (0.23, 0.29)
	(n = 182)
C20	PS*	3.23 (2.82, 4.03)	5.35	.000	1.50 (0.49, 1.86)	2.52	.012	31.04 (28.02, 32.78)	3.81	.000	0.31 (0.28, 0.39)	3.42	.000
	(n = 47)
	Y8	2.42 (2.02, 2.82)			0.82 (0.35, 1.49)			29.10 (27.31, 30.74)			0.29 (0.26, 0.32)
	(n = 202)
I19	PS*	3.40 (2.26, 3.77)	5.01	.000	1.19 (0.61, 1.84)	3.57	.000	30.97 (29.09, 32.63)	3.99	.000	0.33 (0.29, 0.36)	4.30	.000
	(n = 47)
	Y8	2.26 (1.89, 3.02)			0.71 (0.29, 1.37)			29.42 (27.54, 30.91)			0.30 (0.27, 0.32)
	(n = 217)

Note. PS = peer supporter, Y8 = rest of Year 8.

*Peer supporters were classed as those nominated as potential peer supporters in intervention schools and those who would have been nominated in control schools following tallying of the peer questionnaires.

^# Based on reciprocal distances, hence low value.