Obtaining polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentration ratios and molecular markers for residential wood combustion: Temuco, a case study

Figures & data

Figure 1. Map of the location and surrounding areas of the Las Encinas sampling Station (cross).

Figure 2. Hourly profile concentration of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 on sampling days of the winter monitoring campaign, 2008.

Table 1. PAHs recovery yield for two concentration levels and method detection limits (LOD)

			Recovery (%)
PAHs	Abbrev.	LOD (ng m^−3)	Level 8 (ng μL^−1)	Level 80 (ng μL^−1)
Acenaphthylene	ACY	0.065	91.61	86.45
Acenaphthene	ACE	0.038	111.60	56.23
Fluorene	FLU	0.087	110.17	61.75
Phenanthrene	PHE	0.053	115.53	66.72
Anthracene	ANT	0.061	71.03	68.92
Fluoranthene	FLT	0.035	126.44	86.40
Pyrene	PYR	0.038	73.70	83.30
Retene	RET	0.030	83.57	85.60
Methylpyrene	M-Pyr	0.011	80.72	75.30
Benz[a]anthracene	BAA	0.057	88.84	96.34
Chrysene	CRY	0.094	109.52	99.79
2,2'-Binaphthyl	BIN	0.016	80.75	95.36
Benzo[a]pyrene	BAP	0.051	87.63	98.75
Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]Fluoranthene	INFL	0.099	78.46	94.56
Dibenz[a,h]anthracene	DBA	0.015	79.27	92.81
Benzo[g,h,i]perylene	BGP	0.017	75.63	67.60
Indeno[1,2,3,c,d]pyrene	INP	0.012	76.65	92.41

Figure 3. Average total and gas-particulate PAH profile for the Temuco atmospheric aerosol, obtained during the winter monitoring campaign 2008. Black = PHE particulate-phase concentration; white = PHE gas-phase concentration; dark grey = particulate-phase PAH concentration; light grey = gas-phase PAH concentration.

Table 2. Average period concentrations of total PAHs (TPAHs) and their limits of confidence (95%) for Temuco (n = 4), with the PAH concentration distribution between gas-phase (PUF) and particulate matter (TF) PM_2.5 (TF)

PAHs	PUF (PAHs) (ng m^−3)	TF (PAHs) (ng m^−3)	TPAHs (ng m^−3)	(%)
2–3 rings				88
ACY	17.01 ± 4.14	9.47 ± 5.47	26.49 ± 7.31	4.3
ACE	10.98 ± 8.12	8.50 ± 6.78	19.48 ± 14.41	3.2
FLU	7.66 ± 9.56	5.36 ± 5.31	13.02 ± 7.02	2.1
PHE	373.79 ± 212.90	81.67 ± 78.64	455.45 ± 247.98	74.2
ANT	9.35 ± 7.02	4.90 ± 2.41	14.25 ± 5.33	2.3
RET	7.44 ± 8.59	3.93 ± 3.30	11.37 ± 7.41	1.9
4 rings				9
FLT	9.52 ± 9.44	9.57 ± 6.70	19.09 ± 13.11	3.1
PYR	12.74 ± 16.37	5.29 ±4.62	18.03 ± 14.13	2.9
BAA	7.46 ± 11.47	2.36 ± 2.03	9.82 ± 11.32	1.6
CRY	4.61 ± 5.35	3.70 ± 3.16	8.32 ± 5.83	1.4
>5 rings				3
BAP	4.86 ± 10.23	5.92 ± 3.81	10.78 ± 10.20	1.8
DBA	3.02 ± 3.60	1.42 ± 0.65	4.43 ± 3.90	0.7
BGP	1.53 ± 0.96	1.57 ± 1.95	3.10 ± 2.20	0.5
INP			n.d.
∑PAHs	462.32 ± 188.79	148.43 ± 100.31	613.64 ± 258.58	100

Figure 4. Concentration ratios for TPAHs determined in Temuco 2008, compared with literature values.