Abstract
The main purpose of a Phase I trial of a new antitumor agent is to determine the appropriate dosing regimen and characterize the safety profile of a new molecular or monoclonal antibody. Phase II cancer clinical trials are conducted to assess the efficacy of a new anticancer therapy and to determine whether it has sufficient activity against a specific type of tumor to warrant further development. In this paper, commonly used statistical designs, based on either frequentist approaches or Bayesian methods, for Phase I and Phase II cancer clinical trials are reviewed and discussed. Future directions of designing more efficient trial are explored.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We thank the associate editor and reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions.