“Frame, Fame and Fear Traps: The Dialectic of Counter-Terrorism Strategic Communication”

Figures & data

Table 1. Campaigns and their frames.

Frame elements	SiSiS	ACT	SOYS
Primary and supplementary frames	1. Engagement 2. Informational – reassurance	1. Engagement 2. Informational – instilling public confidence to report	1. Informational – reassurance 2. Deterrence
Selection and Salience	Imminent threat Foregrounds threat to self Specific suspicious behaviours/threats “Us” and “Them”	Longer-term threat Threat to the community The “normality” of threat	Omnipresence of protective security measures (visible and invisible) to combat wide range of threats
Problem definition	Transport based terrorism	Community based terrorism	Public/crowded spaces
Causal interpretation	Malevolent others –”outsiders”	Malevolent others – “insiders”	Non-descript
Moral evaluation	Immoral “them” and moral “us” Reporting concerns is the right thing to do	Reporting concerns is the right thing to do – protects community	Police/security services are protectors of multicultural society
Treatment	Vigilance in transport settings Raise concern to authorities – partnership working	Critical observation of others in community Trust your instincts Community action Raise concern to authorities	Protective security measures Trust the physical, technological and people capabilities of security services

Figure 1. Example assets from the three campaigns.