Facile synthesis of polyacrylate directed silver nanoparticles for pH sensing through naked eye

Abstract

Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and its salt poly(acrylate) (PA) have been synthesized through modified free radical polymerization in environmentally begin aqueous medium under ultrasound to make the process robust. The synthesized polymer is well-characterized through conventional techniques. Its salt is employed to produce highly stable and stimuli sensitive colloidal silver (Ag-PA sol) without using any additional reducing chemical reagents like sodium borohydride, ascorbic acid, hydrazine, etc or UV/Gamma radiation. A detailed mechanistic path of the polymerization and reduction of Ag⁺ on polyacrylate chains has been evaluated. Finally Ag-PA sol is used for pH sensing through naked eye to eliminate the need for sophisticated instrument for data collection. The present work focuses mainly the development of a low cost pH sensing system based on colorimetric ‘smart polymer’ having high practical utility. The unique structural and photo-physical features of nano-scaled materials open new opportunities for the applications of colorimetric pH sensor. In the present work, Ag nano-clusters capped by PA⁻ are employed as an effective colorimetric pH sensor for the first time, requiring no further functionalization.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Smart polymer
• polymerization
• Ag-polyacrylate sol
• pH sensing

Additional information

Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial supports provided by CSIR (Project No: 02(0331)/17/EMR-II dated0 8.11.2017) & DST (Project No. EMR/2017/000963), New Delhi.