1968/89: The Historical Peak and Fracture of Modernity

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This article is the republished version of:

1968/89: The Historical Peak and Fracture of Modernity

Notes

1. E. Hobsbawm, The Age of Extremes: A History of the World, 1914–1991 (New York, 1991), p. 178.

2. N. Elias, Pridvornoe obshchestvo. Issledovaniia po sotsiologii korolia i pridvornoi aristokratii (Moscow: Iazyki slavianskoi kul’tury, 2002).

3. R. Collins, “Social Movements and the Focus of Emotional Attention,” in J. Goodwin, J.M. Jasper, and F. Polletta (Eds.), Passionate Politics (Chicago, 2001), pp. 27–44.

4. F. Brodel [Braudel], Material’naia tsivilizatsiia, ekonomika i kapitalizm, XV–XVIII vv.: V 3 t. (Moscow: Progress, 1986, 1988, 1992).

5. J. Suri, Power and Protest: Global Revolution and the Rise of Détente (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009).

6. S. Kotkin, Armageddon Averted: The Soviet Collapse 1970–2000 (Oxford, UK, and New York: Oxford University Press, 2008).

7. D. Skott [J. Scott], Blagimi namereniiami gosudarstva. Pochemu i kak provalivalis’ proekty uluchsheniia chelovecheskoi zhizn (Moscow: Universitetskaia kniga, 2011).

8. G.M. Derlug’ian [Derluguian], Adept Burd’ë na Kavkaze: eskizy k biografii v mirosistemnoi perspektive (Moscow: Territoriia budushchego, 2010).

9. E. Hobsbawm, op. cit., p. 288.

10. A. Amal’rik [Amalrik], Prosushchestvuet li Sovetskii Soiuz do 1984 goda? (www.vehi.net/politika/amalrik.html).

11. V. Bunce, Subversive Institutions: The Design and Destruction of Socialism and the State (Cambridge, 1998), p. 37.

12. P. Evans, Embedded Autonomy: States and Industrial Transformation (Princeton, 1995).

13. B. Silver, Forces of Labor: Workers’ Movements and Globalization Since 1870 (New York, 2003).

14. B. Moore, Jr., H. Marcuse, and R.P. Wolff, A Critique of Pure Tolerance (New York, 1965).

15. Immanuel Wallerstein wrote about conflicts that ultimately produced a classical liberal state: I. Vallerstain [Wallerstein], Mir-sistema moderna. T. 4: Triumf tsentristskogo liberalizma (Moscow: Russkii fond sodeistviia obrazovaniiu i nauke, 2016).

16. A work that has already become a classic has just appeared in Russian translation: M. Mann, Istochniki sotsial’noi vlasti. T. 2: Stanovlenie klassov i natsii-gosudarstv, 1760–1914 (Moscow: Delo, 2018).

17. S. Hanson, Time and Revolution: Marxism and the Design of Soviet Institutions (Chapel Hill, NC, 1997).

18. D.A. Goldstoun [J.A. Goldstone], Revoliutsii: Ochen’ kratkoe vvedenie (Moscow: Izdatel’stvo Instituta Gaidara, 2015).

19. D. Ergin [Yergin], Dobycha: vsemirnaia istoriia bor’by za neft’, den’gi i vlast’ (Moscow: Al’pina Publisher, 2011).

20. E.T. Gaidar, Gibel’ imperii: uroki dlia sovremennoi Rossii (Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2006).

21. S. Babb, Behind the Development Banks: Washington Politics, World Poverty, and the Wealth of Nations (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009).

22. D. Arrigi [G. Arrighi], Dolgii dvadtsatyi vek: den’gi, vlast’ i istoki nashego vremeni (Moscow: Territoriia budushchego, 2007).

23. An epithet first applied by Nikita Khrushchev to cultural nonconformists in the 1960s. “Abstractist” [abstraktsist] represents a corruption by Khrushchev of the actual word for “abstractionist” [abstraktsionist].—Trans.

24. Sotsart, short for “socialist art” in Russian, was a countercultural trend mocking socialist realism that was initiated in the 1970s by the artists Vitaly Komar and Alexander Melamid.—Trans.

25. Pochvennichestvo (roughly, “a return to the soil,” or more colloquially, nativism) was a movement similar to Slavophilism that originated in the mid nineteenth century and was reincarnated in the 1970s. The movement advocated a patriotic alliance, based on religious ethics, between “educated society” and “the people,” and was exemplified by such writers as Alexander Solzhenitsyn and Vasilii Shukshin.—Trans.

26. For more detail see G.M. Derlug’ian, “Chem kommunizm byl,” in I. Vallerstain, R. Kollinz [Collins], M. Mann, G. Derlug’ian, and K. Kalkhun [C. Calhoun], Est’ li budushchee u kapitalizma? (Moscow: Izdatel’stvo Instituta Gaidara, 2017).

27. I. Vallerstain, D. Arrigi, and T. Khopkins [Hopkins], “1989-i kak prodolzhenie 1968-go,” Neprikosnovennyi zapas, 2008, no. 4 (60), p. 18.