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Abstract
In this paper, liposomes containing a lipopeptide bearing a ligand specifically recognized by neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) have been used to target a human breast cancer cell line overexpressing this receptor. The synthesis of this lipopeptide, C16-A7R, formed by the sequence of 7 aminoacids ATWLPPR, linked to a palmitoyl fatty chain by an amide bond was described. After the characterisation of cationic liposomes formulated with the lipopeptide, the results obtained using various techniques showed that the lipopeptide-based liposomes were well accumulated in cells of the human breast cancer line MDA-MB-231 overexpressing NRP-1. Delivery of reporter genes expressing either β-galactosidase (β-gal) or green fluorescent protein (GFP) was selectively enhanced in these cells when compared with NRP-1-negative cells. In MDA-MB-231 cells, an increase by 250% in β-gal activity was observed when delivered by lipopeptide-based liposomes compared to cationic liposomes alone.
| Abbreviations | ||
| Boc | = | t-butoxycarbonyl |
| BOP | = | benzotriazol-1-yloxy-tris(dimethylamino)-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate |
| BSA | = | bovine serum albumin |
| CMV | = | cytomegalo virus |
| DHB | = | 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid |
| DCM | = | dichloromethane |
| DIEA | = | ethyldiisopropylamine |
| DCM | = | dichloromethane |
| DMEM | = | Dulbeco's modified Eagle medium |
| DMF | = | N,N-dimethyl formamide |
| DMHAPC-Chol | = | 3β(N-(N′,N′,N′-dimethylhydroxyethylaminopropane)-carbamoyl) cholesterol iodide |
| DMSO | = | dimethylsulfoxide |
| DOPE | = | dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine |
| DTT | = | dithiothreitol |
| FCS | = | fetal calf serum |
| EGFP | = | enhanced green fluorescent protein |
| Fmoc | = | 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl |
| FTIR | = | Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy |
| KDR | = | kinase domain receptor |
| Lip(+) | = | cationic lipid |
| MALDI-TOF-MS | = | matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry |
| MTT | = | 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide |
| NRP-1 | = | neuropilin-1 |
| O.D. | = | optical density |
| ODN | = | oligodeoxyribonucleotide |
| PBS | = | phosphate buffer saline |
| Pam-OH | = | Pahnitic acid |
| PFA | = | para formaldehyde |
| Pmc | = | 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-chroman-6-sulphonyl |
| pCMV-β | = | plasmid containing β-galactosidase gene, promotor cytomegalovirus |
| QLS | = | quasi-elastic light scattering |
| RLU | = | relative light unit |
| RP-HPLC | = | reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography |
| tBu | = | t-butyl |
| TBS | = | Tris buffer saline |
| TE | = | Tris–EDTA buffer |
| TFA | = | trifluoroacetic acid |
| VEGF | = | vascular endothelial growth factor |
| Abbreviations | ||
| Boc | = | t-butoxycarbonyl |
| BOP | = | benzotriazol-1-yloxy-tris(dimethylamino)-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate |
| BSA | = | bovine serum albumin |
| CMV | = | cytomegalo virus |
| DHB | = | 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid |
| DCM | = | dichloromethane |
| DIEA | = | ethyldiisopropylamine |
| DCM | = | dichloromethane |
| DMEM | = | Dulbeco's modified Eagle medium |
| DMF | = | N,N-dimethyl formamide |
| DMHAPC-Chol | = | 3β(N-(N′,N′,N′-dimethylhydroxyethylaminopropane)-carbamoyl) cholesterol iodide |
| DMSO | = | dimethylsulfoxide |
| DOPE | = | dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine |
| DTT | = | dithiothreitol |
| FCS | = | fetal calf serum |
| EGFP | = | enhanced green fluorescent protein |
| Fmoc | = | 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl |
| FTIR | = | Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy |
| KDR | = | kinase domain receptor |
| Lip(+) | = | cationic lipid |
| MALDI-TOF-MS | = | matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry |
| MTT | = | 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide |
| NRP-1 | = | neuropilin-1 |
| O.D. | = | optical density |
| ODN | = | oligodeoxyribonucleotide |
| PBS | = | phosphate buffer saline |
| Pam-OH | = | Pahnitic acid |
| PFA | = | para formaldehyde |
| Pmc | = | 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-chroman-6-sulphonyl |
| pCMV-β | = | plasmid containing β-galactosidase gene, promotor cytomegalovirus |
| QLS | = | quasi-elastic light scattering |
| RLU | = | relative light unit |
| RP-HPLC | = | reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography |
| tBu | = | t-butyl |
| TBS | = | Tris buffer saline |
| TE | = | Tris–EDTA buffer |
| TFA | = | trifluoroacetic acid |
| VEGF | = | vascular endothelial growth factor |