Is Paradigm Shift too Difficult in U.K. Transport?

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Acknowledgments

Helpful comments were received at the Vancouver Workshop held in June 2006, and from anonymous referees in Simon Fraser University, Vancouver and elsewhere.

Notes

¹ 1990 Transport emissions of CO₂ was 39.2 million tonnes of carbon (MtC) and the total was 161.5MtC = 24.3 percent; In 2010 transport emissions of CO₂ will be 44.8MtC and the total will be 144.3MtC = 31.0 percent - this is the relative increase. The absolute increase is from 39.2MtC to 44.8MtC or 14.3 percent

² g/km of CO₂ is the average emissions figure allocated to all new cars in the United Kingdom since 1997. Independent tests are carried out on vehicles over standard test routes to assess fuel consumption and emissions profiles

³ Biofuels are assumed to be carbon neutral as they “fix” carbon in their growth stage and “release” the stored carbon when they are used as fuel. However, there are transport costs associated with production, processing, and distribution