Neutrophil and monocyte ratios to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol as biomarkers in non-dipping hypertension

Figures & data

Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population.

Variable	Non-dipping hypertension	Dipping hypertension	Controls	p-Value
Number	77	76	75	-
Sex, female (%)	55.80	57.90	57.30	0.971
Age (years)	61.18 ± 13.93	61.50 ± 12.12	62.83 ± 12.16	0.703
BMI (kg/m^2)	24.94 ± 3.67	24.80 ± 2.79	24.14 ± 2.51	0.228
WBC (10^3/mm3)	6.63 ± 1.30	6.14 ± 1.48	5.95 ± 1.38	0.008*
Neutrophil (×10^3/μl)	4.07 ± 1.12	3.75 ± 1.27	3.70 ± 1.21	0.109
Monocyte (×10^3/μl)	0.50 ± 0.14	0.43 ± 0.14	0.37 ± 0.11	<0.001*
Lymphocyte (×10^3/μl)	1.88 ± 0.56	1.78 ± 0.60	1.74 ± 0.56	0.335
Hemoglobin (g/dl)	13.90 ± 1.21	13.57 ± 1.39	13.25 ± 1.59	0.018*
RDW (%)	13.41(12.90–13.70)	13.40(12.73–13.60)	13.15(12.70–13.50)	0.070
Platelet (×10^3/μl)	215.67 ± 48.94	226.33 ± 56.61	219.00 ± 49.95	0.433
NHR	94.59(66.19–117.68)	79.76(51.26–95.96)	72.85(50.76–96.11)	0.001*
MHR	11.54(7.94–13.71)	9.19(5.92–11.12)	7.42(4.13–9.14)	<0.001*
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)	196.49 ± 42.87	200.15 ± 49.76	186.00 ± 45.63	0.150
Triglyceride (mg/dl)	271.14(127.95–312.37)	191.98(94.64–226.78)	182.03(85.60–180.00)	<0.001*
HDL-C (mg/dl)	47.04 ± 14.21	50.42 ± 11.33	54.38 ± 14.06	0.003*
LDL-C (mg/dl)	103.16 ± 29.00	112.89 ± 33.26	97.66 ± 31.81	0.011*
Creatinine (mg/dl)	0.76 ± 0.20	0.75 ± 0.20	0.72 ± 0.20	0.356
ALT (u/l)	22.06(12.50–27.00)	22.70(14.00–27.00)	21.53(13.00–23.00)	0.695
AST (u/l)	20.97(16.00–23.00)	22.17(17.00–23.00)	22.41(16.00–25.00)	0.495
hs-CRP (mg/l)	3.91(1.40–4.35)	4.42(1.20–4.50)	2.48(0.60–2.55)	0.004*
Glucose (mg/dl)	96.99 ± 12.30	96.65 ± 11.03	95.78 ± 11.57	0.805

BMI, the body mass index. WBC, white blood cell. RDW, red cell distributio width. NHR, neutrophil to HDL-C ratio. MHR, monocyte to HDL-C ratio. HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. AST, aspartate aminotransferase. ALT, alanine aminotransferase. Results were presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (25th percentile, 75th percentile). *Statistically significant at p < .05.

Figure 1. Comparison of NHR (a) and MHR (b) in the non-dipping hypertension group contrast to the control group and the dipping hypertension group. NHR, neutrophil to HDL-C ratio. MHR, monocyte to HDL-C ratio.

Figure 2. ROC curve analyses of NHR (a) and MHR (b). NHR, neutrophil to HDL-C ratio. MHR, monocyte to HDL-C ratio.

Table 2. Univariate logistic regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis related to non-dipping hypertension.

Variable	Univariate; OR (95% CI)	p-Value	Multivariate; OR (95% CI)	p-Value
Sex, female	1.075(0.618 to 1.870)	0.978	-
Age (years)	0.994(0.973 to 1.016)	0.583	-
BMI	1.052(0.961 to 1.151)	0.271	-
WBC	1.353(1.104 to 1.657)	0.004*	1.149(0.787 to 1.677)	0.473
Neutrophil	1.271(1.010 to 1.601)	0.041*
Monocyte	1.005(1.003 to 1.008)	<0.001*
Lymphocyte	1.418(0.876 to 2.295)	0.155
Hemoglobin	1.025(1.005 to 1.045)	0.016*	1.011(0.989 to 1.034)	0.326
RDW	1.171(0.880 to 1.559)	0.280	-
Platelet	0.997(0.992 to 1.003)	0.335	-
NHR	1.013(1.006 to 1.021)	0.001*	0.991(0.973 to 1.010)	0.359
MHR	1.190(1.107 to 1.278)	<0.001*	1.223(1.088 to 1.376)	0.001*
Total cholesterol	1.002(0.996 to 1.007)	0.603	-
Triglyceride	1.002(1.000 to 1.003)	0.017*	1.000(0.999 to 1.002)	0.558
HDL-C	0.969(0.947 to 0.991)	0.006*	1.007(0.968 to 1.048)	0.732
LDL-C	0.998(0.989 to 1.007)	0.628	-
Creatinine	1.970(0.495 to 7.844)	0.336	-
ALT	0.976(0.978 to 1.021)	0.976	-
AST	0.261(0.944 to 1.016)	0.261	-
hs-CRP	1.009(0.959 to 1.062)	0.720	-
Glucose	1.006(0.982 to 1.030)	0.633	-

BMI, the body mass index. WBC, white blood cell. RDW, red cell distributio width. NHR, neutrophil to HDL-C ratio. MHR, monocyte to HDL-C ratio. HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. AST, aspartate aminotransferase. ALT, alanine aminotransferase. *Statistically significant at p < .05.

Table 3. ABPM data of three groups.

BP	Non-dipping	dipping	Control	P value
24-hour mean SBP	153.79(145.00–159.50)	151.50(141.75–155.25)	127.00(122.75–135.25)	<0.001
24-hour mean DBP	86.43(78.00–94.00)	88.08(79.50–95.50)	75.68(71.00–81.00)	<0.001
Daytime mean SBP	154.60(146.00–160.50)	155.81(145.75–159.50)	130.60(126.75–139.25)	<0.001
Daytime mean DBP	86.94(78.00–95.00)	90.88(80.75–100.00)	78.08(73.00–83.00)	<0.001
Night mean SBP	151.60(141.00–160.00)	137.04(128.75–140.50)	113.44(108.50–121.00)	<0.001
Night mean DBP	84.75(76.00–91.00)	79.08(72.50–87.50)	66.66(62.00–71.25)	<0.001
Night SBP decrease percentage	2.40(−2.94–5.51)	12.64(9.94–14.96)	17.77(14.63–21.81)	<0.001
Night DBP decrease percentage	3.03(−1.93–5.51)	13.04(10.47–14.76)	14.61(11.25–18.82)	<0.001

SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure. P value represented the comparison with the control group. *Statistically significant at p < .05.